NEW PATENTS: April 1967
Journal Archive
NEW PATENTS: April 1967
METALS AND ALLOYS
Composite Metal
deutsche gold- & silber- scheideanstalt
British Patent 1,051,994
Better adherence of Pt to Ti is achieved when the Ti is pickled in a solution which is at least 10 N in H+ and to N in Cl− until a dark grey covering layer is formed and a metal of the Pt group is firmly bonded to the treated substrate by cold welding with a reduction in thickness of at least 25%.
Ruthenium Alloys for Powder Metallurgy
the international nickel co. inc.
U.S. Patent 3,278,280
A liquid-phase sintered alloy which has powder metallurgy applications comprises 5−35 wt.% Au, 5−35 wt.% Pd and the balance Ru.
Magnetic Platinum Metal Alloys
e. i. du pont de nemours & co.
U.S. Patent 3,279,914
A new alloy consists of 20−75% Mg, 20−62% Ge and 1−35% Pd and/or Rh.
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Hot Electrodes for Electrode Systems
leybold holding a.g. British Patent 1,047,290
A hot electrode operating at elevated temperatures in O2-containing gases is suspended between connections on two electrode holders and has intermediate members made of Ir or Ir–Pt alloy interspersed between the holders. These intermediate members are so dimensioned that they ensure that the electrode temperature is maintained above the temperature range within which the electrode material forms oxides.
Electrolytic Anode
e. m. nelson U.S. Patent 3,278,410
An electrolytic anode for cells in which Cl2 or Cl2-containing radical are formed comprises a screen-brazing made of Ti coated with Pt and loose graphite particles arranged within the housing so that at least some bear against the Pt-coated screen.
ELECTRODEPOSITION AND SURFACE COATINGS
Deposition of Gold-Palladium Alloys
technic inc. British Patent 1,051,383
The new bath contains Au as a cyanide, a suitable buffering salt, a Pd compound other than a cyanide, e.g. a complex or chelate, and acid or alkali to adjust the pH.
Metallised Ceramic Members
cie. francaise thomson-houston
U.S. Patent 3,265,473
A metallised ceramic structure comprises a ceramic body, a metallised layer of highly refractory material bonded to it, e.g. Mo, a layer of Rh, Pt or Ir or their combinations and an outer layer of Au.
Electroless Plating with Platinum Group Metals
amalgamated curacao patents co. n.v.
U.S. Patent 3,265,526
Glass, C, steel, Fe, Ti, Ni, etc. are coated with Pt group metals or their alloys, by applying on them at least one reducible salt of the plating metal, heating in a gaseous mixture of reducing and alkaline reagents and ensuring that decomposition of the metal salt takes place without the substrate being damaged.
Electroless Deposition of Palladium
the international nickel co. inc.
U.S. Patent 3,274,022
A bath for the electroless deposition of Pd comprises an aqueous solution containing 1–20 g/l Pd(II), 0.04−0.5 g/l unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, an organic amine in a molar concentration equivalent to 100–350 g/l NH4 and up to 80 g/l NH4Cl or (NH4)2SO4 or EDTA as stabiliser.
BRAZING
Brazing Alloys for Tungsten and Molybdenum
united states atomic energy commission
British Patent 1,049,957
A brazing alloy for joining W, Mo and their alloys comprises 42−95% Mo, 5−44 wt.% Rh and 0−45 wt.% Re.
Brazing of Tungsten
u.s. secretary of the navy
U.S. Patent 3,276,113
W elements are joined together at low temperatures by placing between the elements an alloy of 1−4.5 wt.% B and the balance Pt, heating the assembly to at least 2,000°F at minimum rate of 25°F/min and then brazing the elements together for 5–60 sec at about 2,000°F.
LABORATORY APPARATUS AND TECHNIQUE
Stabilising Metal Surfaces, Especially of Platinum Metals Heated at High Temperature
j. fuka Czech Patent 117,397
An Al2O3 layer, formed by treatment of Al compounds on the surface of a Pt conductor, prevents evaporation of Pt at 900−1,250°C when determining CH4 or CO based on their infra-red radiation absorbancy. Most emitted Pt molecules then remain within the Al2O3 protective layer, participate in conduction of the current and improve the element’s stability.
CATALYSIS
Cyclic Acetals and Ketals and their Preparation
shell internationale research mij. n.v.
British Patent 1,046,608
A cyclic acetal or ketal is produced by heating a glycol with an aldehyde or ketone at 140−220°C in the presence of a catalyst comprising 0.5−15 wt.% supported Rh, Ir, Pd or Pt.
Continuous Production of Hydroxylam-monium Salts
badische anilin- & soda-fabrik a.g.
British Patent 1,046,656
An improved process for the production of hydroxylammonium salts utilises, as catalyst, 0.3−5 wt.% Pt/C.
Selective Hydrogenation of Cycloalkenes
the geigy co. ltd. British Patent 1,046,780
An improved process for the selective hydrogenation of cycloalkenes is carried out in the presence of Pd black or Pd supported on SiO2, Al2O3, pumice, etc.
Catalytic Oxidation of Ethylenically Unsaturated Compounds
celanese corporation of america
British Patent 1,047,172
Carbonyl compounds are produced by the oxidation with O2 of an ethylenically unsaturated compound at 20−90°C, 1–5 atm in the presence of an aqueous solution containing ions of a Pt group metal and NO3 or NO2 ions.
Preparation of Alkenyl Acetate
shell internationale research mij. n.v.
British Patent 1,047,835
Alkenyl acetate is produced by reacting an up to 4C straight chain olefine with Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir or Pt acetate in the presence of H2O so that the desired alkenyl acetate is formed, oxidising the aldehyde and/or ketone formed during this reaction to CH3COOH and using this CH3COOH together with O2 to regenerate the reduced precious metal acetate.
Catalysts
esso research & engineering co.
British Patent 1,047,933
A finely divided metal alloy is produced by adding a solution of a Pt salt, a second metal salt and optionally a third metal salt to a NaHB4 solution and selecting the other metals from Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Au, Ag, Fe, Co, Ni, Mn, Re, Mo, W, Cu, Cd, Zn, Cr, Ti or V.
Activity Maintenance of Hydrocracking Catalyst
esso research & engineering co.
British Patent 1,048,343
A catalyst comprising crystalline alumino-silicate zeolite containing less than 10% Na2O, having pore size 6–15Å and activated by a Pt group metal, is reactivated by contacting it with H2 at 600−1,000°F.
Indole Derivatives
merck & co. ltd. British Patent 1,050,730
Indolyl aliphatic acids are produced by hydrolysing a suitable indole acetal and oxidising the resulting aldehyde with Ag2O or PtO2 in an inert solvent. See also 1,050,731–1,050,740.
Catalyst and Process for Reforming Hydrocarbons
universal oil products co.
British Patent 1,052,892
A gasoline boiling range fraction is catalytically reformed using a reduced composite of a refractory metal oxide, a Group VIII metal and combined halogen, e.g. Pt and Cl2 on Al2O3 support.
Production of Carboxylic Acid Esters of Unsaturated Monohydric Alcohols
imperial chemical industries ltd.
British Patent 1,053,421
These esters are obtained by contacting an olefine with a liquid mixture containing a Pd salt other than a fluoride, a carboxylate which is ionised in the reaction conditions, a redox system, a carboxylic acid and less than 5 wt.% H2O.
Production of Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids
imperial chemical industries ltd.
British Patent 1,054,132
Unsaturated acids are oxidised with O2 in the presence of a Pd salt, a Cu or Fe salt and a nucleophile (H2O or carboxylate ions).
Preparation of Diols
the british petroleum co. ltd.
British Patent 1,054,173
Pd/C is a far more selective catalyst for the hydrogenation of epoxy alcohols to diols than many conventional hydrogenation catalysts.
Copolymerisable Organosilicon Compositions
general electric co. British Patent 1,054,658
Pt catalysts are more easily added to silicon compositions in the form of a ligand with a N compound, e.g., picoline or C5H5N.
Hydrogenation of Oligomers
farbenfabriken a.g. British Patent 1,055,233
Oligomers of propylene and butylene are hydrogenated in the presence of Pt and/or Pd metal deposited on a support containing no free inorganic acid or acid salt.
Catalyst Regeneration
allied chemical corp. British Patent 1,055,672
Catalysts containing Pd, which have been used in the continuous hydrogenation of organic nitro compounds, are regenerated by washing with water until the initial catalytic activity is restored.
Platinum Group Metal Hydrocracking Catalysts
union oil company of california
U.S. Patent 3,267,022
Hydrocarbon feedstock is subjected to hydrocracking over a fixed bed catalyst consisting of zeolite of 6–14 Å pore size supporting a Pt group metal catalyst and at least 10 wt.% Al2O3, MgO, SiO2 and/or H2 clays.
Zeolite-Platinum Group Metal Hydrocracking Catalysts
mobil oil co. U.S. Patent 3,267,023
An improved hydrocracking catalyst is a combination of crystalline aluminosilicate zeolite and a Pt group metal.
Platinum Group Metal Dimerisation Catalysts
shell oil co. U.S. Patent 3,267,169
8–10 C 1,3,7-octatriene is produced by contacting together 8–10 C 2,7-octadienyl ether, Pt, Pd or Ru, phenoxide anion catalyst promoter and a tertiary phosphine.
Platinum Group Metal Sulphide Catalysts
esso research & engineering co.
U.S. Patents 3,267,170–1
A catalyst comprising a support and a Group VIII metal sulphide, preferably Pt or Pd sulphide, is used in the production of olefines by H transfer.
New Noble Metal Catalyst Surfaces
e.i. du pont de nemours & co.
U.S. Patent 3,271,322
New catalysts comprise a film of polytetra-fluoroethylene, a particulate carrier of one or more refractory metal oxides or chromites or manganites and a supported Ru, Pd, or Pt metal or oxide or Co, Ni, Ce, Ru, Pd or Pt oxide, cerate, manganate, manganite, chromate, chromite or vanadate partially carried on the surface of and partially embedded in said film.
Supported Palladium Catalysts
air products and chemicals inc.
U.S. Patent 3,271,327
Supported hydrated Pd oxide catalysts are produced by neutralising an aqueous solution of PdCl2 and HCl to a pH of 4–6.5 by the addition of a base, contacting a substantially non-porous support material with the neutralised solution, wet ageing the treated support material at 70−85°F and then drying the catalyst at 140°F.
Palladium Rehydrogenation Catalyst
archer-daniels-midland co.
U.S. Patent 3,271,410
The quality of catalytically-hydrogenated fatty acid is improved by rehydrogenating it at 200−500°F and 10–5,000 psig in the presence of a 0.001−1 wt.% Pd supported catalyst.
Platinum Group Metal-Zeolite Catalysts
esso research & engineering co.
U.S. Patent 3,272,734
A catalyst for the hydrocracking of a hydrocarbon oil feed comprises a crystalline alumino-silicate zeolite which contains less than about 10 wt.% Na2O, has pore size 6–15 Å and is formed into a composition with 0.01−5 wt.% Pt group metal.
Platinum Group Metal Hydrocracking Catalysts
universal oil products co.
U.S. Patent 3,274,124
A hydrocracking catalyst is produced by commingling an alkali metal silicate solution with acid solution to form a silica sol, forming a gel and ageing it, commingling it with Al salt to form a silica-alumina composite, drying it at 200−500°F, calcining at 800−1,400°F and finally impregnating with a Pt group metal component.
Palladium and Platinum Dioxide Hydrogenation Catalysts
nepera chemical co. inc.
U.S. Patent 3,274,206
Pyridine aldehydes are prepared by hydrogenating the corresponding nitriles at below 70°C, in aqueous, acidic medium and in the presence of Pd or PtO2.
Alkylation-hydrogenation Catalysts
universal oil products co.
U.S. Patent 3,274,276
Non-condensed cycloalkyl aromatic compounds are produced by treating an aromatic compound with H2 at 25−50°C in the presence of a catalyst comprising AlCl3 and Pt/C or Pd/C.
Selective Hydrogenation Catalysts
chemische werke hüls a.g.
U.S. Patent 3,274,286
A catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of acetylenic hydrocarbons in the presence of diolefines comprises 5−50 wt.% Cu or Cu chromite, 0.01−20 wt.% Pt group metal, Zn or Ag 0.1−50 wt.% alkali or alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide and a carrier in amount constituting at least 40 wt% of the mixed catalyst.
Platinum Group Metal Dehydrogenation Catalysts
monsanto co. U.S. Patent 3,274,287
A catalyst for the dehydrogenation of monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons comprises 0.02−2.0 wt.% Pt group metal, preferably Pt or Pd, dispersed on a low acidity Al2O3 support.
Platinum Group Metal Hydrocarbon Conversion Catalysts
mobil oil corp. U.S. Patent 3,276,993
A composite catalyst for hydrocarbon conversion is produced by rolling together preformed discrete macroporous base particles with finely divided Ru, Rh, Pd, Os, Ir, Pt, Cu chromite or crystalline aluminosilicate catalyst particles until 0.5−20 wt.% of such particles are sifted into the pores of the base particles.
Platinum Oxide Catalysts for Ethylene Polymerisation
sinclair research inc. U.S. Patent 3,277,071
A catalyst system for the polymerisation of C2H4 at 70−500°F and up to 30,000 psi comprises at least 75 wt% SiO2, 10−30 wt.% Al2O3 and 0.2−5 wt% Pt group metal.
Palladium Catalyst in the Production of Vinyl Acetate
union oil co. of california
U.S. Patent 3,277,158
Vinyl acetate is produced from C2H4 by an improved process carried out in the presence of 0.001−5 wt.% Pd, 0.05−5 wt.% halogen and 0.1−10 wt.% alkali metal acetate.
Platinum Group Metal Catalysts in the Production of Unsaturated Esters
union oil co. of california
U.S. Patent 3,277,159
Unsaturated esters are prepared from hydrocarbon olefines by utilising catalytic amounts of Pt group metal.
Platinum Group Metal Hydroforming Catalysts
shell oil co. U.S. Patent 3,278,419
A Pt metal reforming catalyst is reactivated by introducing Cl2 and water into the feed until about 0.3 wt.% Cl2 is introduced into the catalyst, removing at least part of the C deposits by burning and then maintaining the catalyst bed at 900−1,000°F for at least 8 h in the presence of an inert gas containing at least 20 vol.% O2.
Rhodium Hydrogenation Catalyst
shell oil co. U.S. Patent 3,278,611
Aromatic, halogenated halides are hydrogenated with H2, in the liquid phase, at 10−90°C and in the presence of 0.0005−15 wt.% Rh.
Platinum-on-Alumina Reforming Catalyst
american cyanamid co. U.S. Patent 3,280,041
γ-Al2O3 catalyst supports are calcined, impregnated with H2O and calcined again before receiving the catalyst metal to obtain better activity and crushing strength.
Palladium Catalyst in the Production of Sulphur Dioxide
allied chemical corp. U.S. Patent 3,282,646
SO2 gas is produced by heating (NH4)HSO4 at 400−500°C and in the presence of a Pd/C catalyst, whilst contacting it with a non-oxidising gas.
Platinum Group Metal Halide Complex Catalyst
geoffrey wilkinson Canadian Patent 745,663
An hydrogenation, hydroformylation or carbonylation process, in which an unsaturated organic compound is reacted with H2 and/or CO, employs a liquid medium containing a dissolved catalyst, which is an halogen- or pseudo-halogen-containing Pt group metal complex with empirical formula LnMvXy, where L =ligand, n =number of ligand molecules, M=Pt group metal, v = valency state of M, X = halogen atom or pseudohalogen group, y=number of X (at least 1). At least one ligand is present and is one or more of: (a ) organic isocyanides, (b ) organic compounds which include in their molecules an atom of a Group Vb or VIb element with a lone pair of electrons, (c ) (when M is Rh or Ir and the process is hydroformylation) stannous and Ge(II) halides.
Preparation of an Alumina-Platinum Catalyst
all-union scientific-research institute of petrochemical processes
U.S.S.R. Patent 182,119
The catalyst for dehydrocyclisation of paraffins is prepared by impregnating Al2O3 with a Pt solution. To increase its capacity for repeated regeneration, 1−5% alkali metal is added to the Al2O3 during or directly after the precipitation of the Al(OH)3 gel.
FUEL CELLS
Rechargeable Batteries
union carbide corp. British Patent 1,047,831
A rechargeable battery includes an auxiliary electrode which is in contact with the cathode and which comprises a porous conductive base on which a Pt, Rh, Pd or Ir H2-ionisation catalyst has been deposited.
Fuel Cells
‘shell’ research ltd.
British Patent 1,049,428
A fuel cell unit comprises a porous metal substrate having applied to one of its surfaces in the following order: a porous layer of Ni aluminide; a layer of solid oxide electrolyte constituted by ZrO2 stabilised with lime or yttria; an O2-permeable layer of Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru, Rh or Ag.
Fuel Cells
e.i. du pont de nemours & co.
British Patent 1,052,327
The cell electrodes are of non-porous, hollow permeable polymeric filaments coated with an electron carrier and a catalyst, e.g. Pt/Ag.
Fuel Cell Electrode
esso research & engineering co.
British Patent 1,055,433
The electrode comprises an electroconductive base coated and/or impregnated with a binary catalytic mixture of 60-90 wt.% Pt, 10-40 wt.% Re.
Noble Metal Fuel Cell Electrodes
allis-chalmers manufacturing co.
U.S. Patent 3,266,939
A fuel cell comprises a housing, a unitary fueloxidant-electrolyte solution comprising 5−50 wt.% alcohol, 0.5−5 vol.% H2O2 and the balance aqueous hydroxide electrolyte and electrodes at least partially immersed in this solution. Of these the fuel electrode carries a Pt, Pd, Ir, Rh, Os or Ru catalyst and the oxidant electrode carries Ag, Co, Ni or their oxides or Fe oxide as catalyst.
Production of Fuel Cell Electrode
air products & chemical inc. and northern natural gas co.
U.S. Patent 3,276,976
A fuel cell electrode is produced by connecting an electroconductive base member as a cathode and a body of Pt as an anode in an electrolytic plating solution comprising Pt and Group IB or VIII promoter metal taken in 1:1 to 2:1 molar ratio and applying a pulsating current between the electrodes.
Noble Metal-Carbon Fuel Cell Electrodes
american cyanamid co.
U.S. Patent 3,281,282
Noble metals are deposited by first impregnating with a base metal salt, e.g. CdCl2 or CoCl2, and then depositing the noble metal (Pt or Pd) by electrolytic displacement.
Noble Metal Electrodes
the electric storage battery co.
U.S. Patent 3,282,737
A porous electrode for a fuel cell is produced by depositing a first metallic catalyst on a metallic surface of a finely divided substrate, depositing a second catalyst coating and shaping the electrode. The metallic surface of the finely divided substrate is selected from Ni, Ag, Cu or Co and the metallic catalyst coatings are selected from Ag, Pd, Au, Pt, Ru, Rh, Os and Ir.
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Separation of Acrylonitrile from Mixtures
esso research & engineering co.
British Patent 1,051,245
The gas containing acrylonitrile is passed through a bed of a solid salt of a monovalent Group IB metal or of Pt, Pd, Ir, Rh, Ru or Os capable of forming a complex with acrylonitrile, the bed being purged and stripped when saturated.
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
Ternary Alloy Strain Gauge
kabushiki kaisha hitachi seisakusho
British Patent 1,047,412
A mechano-electrical strain gauge comprises at least one wire or foil made of a ternary alloy comprising 20–60 at.% Pt, 20–60 at.% Pd and 5–30 at.% Ir.
Anhydrous Electrochemical Memory Device
sperry rand corp. British Patent 1,051,342
The device has a cell with electrodes (e.g. made from Ag, Au or Pt metal), immersed in an electrolyte formed from Ag halides and Ag2S.
Electrical Resistance Element
cts corp. U.S. Patent 3,271,193
An electrical resistance element is produced by admixing a composition of thermally decomposable organic metal compound containing at least one of the noble metals Ru, Rh, Ir and Pd and a thermally decomposable glass-forming organic metal compound in solution, applying a film of the mixture on to the surface of a high temperature resistant, non-conductive base, firing the film at 750−900°C to cause thermal decomposition and cooling the film consisting of glass and uniformly dispersed noble metal oxide.
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