NEW PATENTS: April 1975
Journal Archive
NEW PATENTS: April 1975
METALS AND ALLOYS
ELECTRODEPOSITION AND SURFACE COATINGS
Electrically Conductive Composition Element
c.t.s. corp. U.S. Patent 3,832,308
An electrically conductive composition is mixed with a screening agent, deposited on a substrate and fired at an elevated temperature to form a terminal bonded to the substrate. The composition is a homogeneous mixture of approximately 70−95% co-precipitated Pt-Au alloy particles, co-precipitated Pd-Au alloy particles or co-precipitated Pt-Pd-Au particles and approximately 5−30% of glass frit.
LABORATORY APPARATUS AND TECHNIQUE
Alloy Tension Band
fa. carl haas British Patent 1,378,835
Tension bonds for measuring instruments are made from alloys containing at least 50% Pd and/or Pt and less than 50% of at least one Group III to VI element (excluding B, C, N, O and the transition elements), e.g. Al, Sb, Te, Sn, Ca. About 1−30% Au, Ag or Cu may also be present. A typical alloy contains 4% Al, 4% Ag, and Pd.
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Exhaust Catalyst
w. r. grace & co. British Patent 1,374,064
Pd and/or Pt on ceramic monolithic catalyst is improved by the presence of a number of linear and parallel passages for gas flow.
Hydrocarbon Isomerisation Catalyst
universal oil products co. British Patent 1,374,863
Saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons may be isomerised over a catalyst containing Pt or another Pt metal, a halide, a reaction product of a Friedel-Crafts metal halide and the Al2O3 support, and either a Re component or a germanium component in an oxidation state greater than elementary metal.
Coated Catalyst Material
w. r. grace & co. British Patent 1,378,269
Supported Pt, Pd and other metal catalysts having the active metal mostly on the surface of the support are obtained by coating a refractory oxide support with a layer of C, electrolytically depositing the active metal on C from a suitable bath and then destroying the C layer by heating.
Multimetallic Catalyst Composite
universal oil products co. U.S. Patent 3,821,105
A catalytic composite contains Pt or Pd, Ir and a Group IVA metallic component combined with a carrier material containing Al and a finely divided zeolite crystalline aluminosilicate. An example contains 0.01−2% Pt or Pd, 0.01−2% Ir and 0.01−5% Ge, Sn or Pb combined with a Al2O3 carrier material having 0.1−20% of the H form of mordenite uniformly distributed through it.
Simultaneously Producing Synthetic Natural Gas and High Octane Reformate
universal oil products co. U.S. Patent 3,825,487
A synthetic natural gas stream and a high octane reformate stream are produced by contacting a hydrocarbon charge stock (boiling in the gasoline range) and H, in synthetic natural gas production conditions, with a catalytic composite having a porous carrier material containing 0.01−2% of a Pt group metal, 1−5% Ni and 0.01−5% of a Group IVA metal, e.g. Pt, Ni or Sn on Al2O3.
Reducing the Content of Nitrogen Oxides in the Exhaust Gases
gulf research & development co. U.S. Patent 3,825,654
An exhaust gas is contacted at an elevated temperature in a first zone in a reducing atmosphere with a catalyst, such as Pt, that will convert the NOx to a product containing NH3. The resulting gas mixture is contacted at an elevated temperature in a second zone in a reducing atmosphere with Ru or Rh to convert the NH3 to N2.
Reforming with Platinum-Lead Catalyst
asahi kasei k.k.k. U.S. Patent 3,827,971
Aromatic hydrocarbons are produced by hydroforming a hydrocarbon at a temperature from 300 to 650°C over a catalyst containing Pt and Pb, and prepared by first impregnating a carrier with Pt and then with Pb. See also U.S. Patent 3,827,988.
Production of Benzene
imperial chemical industries ltd. U.S. Patent 3,829,519
Alkyl aromatic hydrocarbons, for example toluene, are dealkylated to yield benzene and hydrogen in the presence of steam and optionally hydrogen over a supported Pt group catalyst. The products of the reaction are phase separated to yield an organic fraction from which benzene is separated, the remainder of the fraction comprising unchanged and/or other aromatic hydrocarbons being recycled as feed material for continued dealkylation.
Reforming Process with Promoted Catalyst
chevron research co. U.S. Patent 3,830,727
A naphtha feedstock containing less than about 10 p.p.m. S and less than about 50 p.p.m. water is contacted in reforming conditions and in the presence of H with a porous Al2O3-containing solid carrier supporting 0.01−3% Pt, 0.01−3% Re, 0.01−8% Sn, and 0.1−3% halogen. The catalytic composition is activated prior to the contacting by reacting it with an activating gas including oxygen and a halogenating component at 500−1300°F for at least about 0.5 h.
Preparation of Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons
universal oil products co. U.S. Patent 3,832,413
Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons are prepared by treating a low molecular weight saturated hydrocarbon in the presence of a catalyst comprising Rh-containing compounds such as a Rh/Al2O3 and in the absence of any added or extraneous gas.
Hydroconversion Process
chevron research co. U.S. Patent 3,833,499
A hydrocracking process uses a Pd-zeoliteamorphous inorganic oxide catalyst containing 1−40% zeolite. The catalyst is prepared by impregnating Pd into the zeolite, combining the impregnated zeolite with the amorphous inorganic oxide and impregnating at least the amorphous inorganic oxide with Pd. Preferably the catalyst is calcined at 1000−1800°F. The catalyst is found to be especially effective in hydrocracking high ends and point feeds with surprisingly low build up of heavy ends in the recycle stream.
Platinum-Indium-Molybdenum Reforming Catalysts
esso research & engineering co. U.S. Patent 3,833,516
A catalyst containing Pt, Mo and In on a porous inorganic oxide base is found particularly useful in reforming, especially in reforming highly paraffinic naphthas.
High Severity Reforming Process with a Platinum-Iridium Catalyst
esso research & engineering co. U.S. Patent 3,834,034
Naphtha feed-stocks are converted to high octane products in high severity conditions using a catalyst consisting of Al2O3 in association with 0.15−0.75% Pt, 0.15−0.45% Ir and 0.3−2.0% Cl. The surface area of the Pt and Ir on the Al2O3 is at least 200 m2/g of Pt and Ir. The catalyst should contain less than about two atoms of S per atom of Pt and Ir and be substantially free of alkali and alkaline earth metal constituents.
Platinum Catalytic Mixture
colonial metals inc. U.S. Patent 3,835,066
A catalytic mixture includes a Pt-based compound, such as chloroplatinic acid or ammonium chloroplatinite, mixed with other constituents, including water. The mixture can be deposited on to pads used in catalytic heaters, for example, and heated to precipitate the Pt on to the pads.
Ruthenium Catalyst System
ford motor co. U.S. Patent 3,835,069
A ruthenate is presynthesised, ground into a fine powder, dispersed in a γ-Al2O3-containing medium and applied as a slurry to a catalytic support. The ruthenate slurry is dried on the support and calcined. The product produced in this manner is useful in the catalytic conversion in a reducing atmosphere of NOx.
Platinum Group Metal-containing Isomerisation Catalyst
institut francais du petrole des carburants et lubrifiants French Appl. 2,201,924
A hydrocarbon isomerisation catalyst contains (a ) Al2O3 support, (b ) a polyhydrocarbyloxy or hydrocarbyloxy aromatic compound, (c ) a halide and (d ) a Group VI or VIII metal or metal compound, especially Pt or Pd.
Catalyst Treatment Process
cie. francaise de raffinage French Appl. 2,202,146
A process for regulating the Cl2 content of a hydrocarbon conversion catalyst with an Al2O3 support, Pt and Ge or Re, consists of washing the catalyst, drying, calcining in air, and submitting it to a reducing treatment.
Platinum Group Catalyst for Exhaust Gas Purification
pro-catalyse French Appl. 2,204,454
A catalyst consists of a physical mixture of at least 2 granular components, one of which is Al2O3 support and the other is one or more Pt group metals, especially Pt, Ir, Pd, and Ru.
Group VIII Metal-Aluminium Isomerisation Catalysts
institut francais du petrole, des carburants et lubrifiants French Appl. 2,206,124
Isomerisation catalysts are prepared by (a ) incorporating a Pt metal, e.g. Rh, Pt, Ir or Os, on to a support and (b ) treating the support with an organic Al halide.
Catalyst for Exhaust Gas Purification
regie nationale des usines renault, automobiles peugeot French Appl. 2,209,603
The catalyst is prepared by immersing a porous support in an ammoniacal solution containing a Pt group halide and heating the support at 90−110°C for 20 h in the presence of a 30% solution of an organic metal halide reducing agent.
Hydrocarbon Conversion Catalyst
sociÉtÉ francaise des produits pour catalyse French Appl. 2,209,604
A catalyst, especially for reforming hydrocarbons, consists of (a ) a porous support, (b ) Pt, (c ) Ir, and (d ) Mn, the contents being 0.005−10% Pt, 0.005−1.0% Ir and 0.005−5.0% Mn (based on the support).
Noble Metal Catalyst for Multigrade Oil Production
institut francais du petrole, des carburants et lubrifiants French Appl. 2,209,827
A noble metal catalyst, e.g. Pt/Al2O3, is used in the preparation of multigrade oils from a mixture of hydrogen and a paraffin.
Exhaust Gas Catalyst
deutsche gold- & silber-scheideanstalt German Offen. 2,306,395
A high efficiency catalyst of favourable ageing behaviour contains Ru, Rh, Pd, and/or Pt, and Cr, Al, Ti, Mn, Co, and/or Ni in a 1:4 to 1:1 ratio, at least three metals being present.
HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Carboxylic Acid Esters
monsanto co. British Patent 1,373,568
Highly active and selective catalysts for the production of esters from olefins, CO and alcohols are solutions containing a rhodium compound or complex and an organophosphorus component, e.g. Rh carbonyl acetylacetonate and tributyl phosphine.
Acrylic Silanes
general electric co. British Patent 1,377,321
A silane is added to an acetylenic ester of an acrylic acid in the presence of a complex of H2PtCl6 and an alcohol such as octyl alcohol to give an acrylic silane.
Organometallic Platinum Metal Complexes
snam progetti s.p.a. British Patent 1,377,569
New catalysts for chemical reactions are neutral complexes of formula [MLmL′nAa]Xx, where M is Rh, Ir, Ru, Pd, or Pt, L and L′ are the same or different olefin ligands, A is a nitrile, phosphine, phosphite, arsine, or stibine ligand, X is an anion, m and n are 0−3, m+n is 1−3, a is 1−3 and x is 1 or 2. The complexes are obtained by reacting a complexed Pt metal halide with a Cu or Ag complex salt. Thus Rh(C2H4)2Cl2 dimer with Cu(MeCN)4BF4 gives [Rh(C2H4)3(MeCN)2]BF4.
Production of Aldehydes from Olefins
celanese corp. U.S. Patent 3,821,311
A Rh carbonyl complex of a phosphine, arsine or stibine is used with an aldol condensation catalyst to catalyse the conversion of olefins to saturated aldehydes.
Alkylation of Heterocyclic Compounds
union oil co. of california U.S. Patent 3,825,545
Heterocyclic compounds can be alkylated with an alcohol or an amine as the alkylating agent in the presence of a Pt group metal catalyst which is complexed with a biphyllic ligand, e.g. RuCl3PPh3 complex may catalyse the octylation of quinoline.
Hydroformylation of Internal Olefins
sun oil co. U.S. Patent 3,825,601
Hydroformylation of internal olefins to produce linear aldehydes in improved yields is achieved by the addition of a sulphonic acid-type ion exchange resin to a catalyst of formula Rh(H) (CO)(Ph3P)3.
Homogeneous Catalysts for the Reduction of Nitroaromatics to Amines
texaco inc. U.S. Patent 3,832,401
Homogeneous Ru and Fe catalyst complexes, preferably stabilised by a displaceable ligand such as triphenylphosphine, and/or solubilised by a solvating agent such as a lower alkanol, are used as reducing agents in the presence of a non-aqueous, non-oxidising reaction medium, at reaction temperatures of 35−160°C and elevated pressures, in a substantially H atmosphere, to reduce at least one nitro group of nitroaromatics to the corresponding aromatic amine.
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
Platinum Patterns on Semiconductors
philips electronic & associated industries ltd. British Patent 1,372,459
A semiconductor is supplied with a pattern of Ge or other material able to react with Pt. Pt is then applied over the whole surface and reacted with the pattern, forming an alloy easier to etch than Pt.
Electrodes for an Electrolysis Cell
oronzio de nora impianti elettrochimici s.p.a. British Patent 1,374,183
An electrolysis cell has a permeable metal anode and a similar cathode made from a series of fingers side by side. The anode fingers may be Ti mesh coated with a Pt group metal or oxide, e.g. RuO2.
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
Sheathed Thermocouple
johnson matthey & co. ltd. U.S. Patent 3,821,030
A hermetically sealed metal sheathed thermocouple is insulated with magnesia or beryllia, and air or other oxidising medium is removed from the sheath before sealing. Thus a 30% Rh−70% Pt leg and a 6% Rh−94% Pt leg may be insulated with magnesia and sealed in a 5% Rh−95% Pt sheath from which air has been evacuated. Migration of the Rh as its volatile oxide is thus prevented.
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