NEW PATENTS: October 1978
Journal Archive
NEW PATENTS: October 1978
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Electrodes
sumitomo chemical co. ltd. British Patent 1,508,876
Electrodes for use in the production of Al by molten-salt electrolysis of Al oxide are coated with a binary metal oxide, in which preferably at least one of the metals is a Pt group or lanthanide metal. Examples are PtCoO2, PtRhO2, PdCoO2, PdRhO2, PdNiO2, AgInO2, or AgRhO2.
Platinum Anodes for Electrolysis Apparatus
norda mines ltd. U.S. Patent 4,085,016
An electrolysis apparatus which is used to oxidise organic material present in concentrated sulphuric acid uses as its anode a valve metal substrate (Ti, Ta or Nb) painted with a coating of Pt and/or Ir which is then fired and electroplated with a Na hexahydroplatinate bath. This electrode is far more corrosion resistant than Ti cladded with Pt, pure Pt wire or a conventional electroplated Pt anode.
ELECTRODEPOSITION AND SURFACE COATINGS
Conductive Coatings
hercules inc. British Patent 1,512,309
Coatings of good strength and adhesion are obtained from compositions containing 2−40% of a crystallisable glass frit binder together with a liquid vehicle and 50−88% of finely divided Pt group metal, Au or Ag.
Salt Bath Electroplating
f. von stutterheim British Patent 1,515,738
Metal wire, strip, chain, gauze, etc., is electroplated with Au, Ag or Pt group metals in a thickness in the micron range by the use of a noble metal salt dispersed in a Group IA and/or IIA cyanide, thiocyanate and/or cyanamide molten salt electrolyte. In one example Mo foil is plated with 3 microns of Pt using 3.5% Pt dissolved in a 2:1 mixture or K cyanide and K thiocyanate at 450°C.
LABORATORY APPARATUS AND TECHNIQUE
Gas Monitor
british steel corp. British Patent 1,512,002
A device for measuring SO2 in air is a glass absorption and titration cell having a Ag anode and a Pt wire cathode.
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Noble Metal Catalyst for Use in Upgrading Hydrocarbon Products
standard oil co. British Patent 1,515,871
A S-resistant catalyst for use, for example, in the production of upgraded hydrocarbon products from coal or tar consists of either one or more basic carbonates, hydroxides, oxides, or oxide-forming salts of a transition metal of Groups IVB, VB, VIB or VIIB; or a supported Ru, Rh, Ir, Os, Pd, Ni, Co and/or Pt catalyst.
Palladium or Platinum Catalyst for Combustible Gas Detectors
english electric valve co. ltd. British Patent 1,516,039
The detector has a heatable wire filament of Pt embedded in a pellet which consists of a homogeneous mixture of Al2O3, Pt and Pd surrounded by a layer of an oxidising catalyst, Pt or Pd.
Effluent Gas Purification
bayer a.g. British Patent 1,517,258
Organic compounds present in chemical-process off-gases which also contain boric acid are completely oxidised by reaction with O2 in the presence of a supported Pt group metal, preferably Pd or Pt catalyst.
Recovery of Pt/Rh from Car Exhaust Catalysts
johnson matthey & co. ltd. British Patent 1,517,270
Precious metals, such as Pt and Rh, are recovered from exhaust catalysts by leaching with hydrochloric acid and a halogen or Na chlorate or bromate. The catalysts may optionally be subjected to a pre-treatment step to physically concentrate the majority of the precious metal in a small bulk.
Platinum Catalyst for Hydrocarbon Treatment
atlantic richfield co. U.S. Patent 4,070,306
The catalyst is prepared by (i) contacting a solid Pt group metal/Al2O3 catalyst with a hydrocarbon and H2 to form C deposits on the catalyst, (ii) contacting the catalyst with an O2-containing gas to remove the deposits, then repeating (i) and (ii) until the surface area of the catalyst is reduced to 20−90% of that in (i) and finally treating the catalyst with a Re component.
Cracking Catalyst Additive Containing Platinum Group Metals
mobil oil corp. U.S. Patent 4,072,600
A catalytic process for cracking gas oil uses a solid acidic cracking catalyst to which is added 0.01−50 ppm of one or more of Pt, Pd, Ir, Os, Rh, Ru and Re.
Platinum Group Metal Catalyst for Reducing Nitrogen Oxides
corning glass works U.S. Patent 4,076,792
The catalyst, for the reduction of NOx, especially those found in I.C.E. exhaust gases, consists of a monolithic refractory support on which is coated a composition which consists of 10−70% Ir and the remainder chosen from Pt and/or Pd.
Noble Metal Catalyst for Coal Hydroconversion Catalyst
exxon research & engineering co. U.S. Patent 4,077,867
In a process for catalytically hydroconverting coal to give coal liquids, a mixture of an oil soluble metal compound, a H2 donor solvent and coal is formed, the metal compound converted to a catalyst within the mixture, and the mixture reacted with H2. The metal used can be Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir, Os or Ru.
Methanation Process
phillips petroleum co. U.S. Patent 4,079,072
Methane is prepared by reacting CO and H2 in the presence of a supported Rh-containing catalyst promoted with U. The activity of these catalysts, when poisoned with S, can be restored by contact with a S-free feed or CO and H2 at 550°C for a suitable time.
Platinum and Indium-Containing Catalyst
agency of industrial science & technology U.S. Patent 4,080,390
0-Phenylphenol is prepared by reacting 0-cyclohexylphenol or its dehydrodimerised condensate and H2 in the presence of a catalyst consisting of an Al2O3 or SiO2/Al2O3 support, up to 0.1% Fe, 0.1−50% Pt, Ir in an amount 0.1−0.4 times that of the Pt and 0.5−8.0% Group IA oxide.
Platinum-Containing Fuel Cell Catalyst
shell oil co. U.S. Patent 4,081,409
A catalyst for fuel cell electrodes, with improved activity, consists of a Group VIII transition metal, specifically Pt, and a cocatalyst chosen from Sn, Pb, As, Bi, Re, Tl, Ta or Ti.
Multimetal Hydrocarbon Conversion Catalyst
u.o.p. inc. U.S. Patent 4,082,651
The catalyst, for use in hydrocarbon conversion reactions, consists of a porous carrier, 0.01−2.0% Pt or Pd, 0.01−2.0% Rh, 0.01−2.0% Re, 0.1−3.5% halogen and 0.01−1.0% S.
Platinum Group Metal Isomerisation Catalyst
u.o.p. inc. U.S. Patent 4,085,067
The catalyst, for hydrocarbon isomerisation reactions, consists of a halided porous carrier, 0.01−2.0% Pt group metal, 0.1−5.0% Co, 0.01−5.0% Sn, 0.1−10% halogen and 1−100% Friedel-Crafts metal halide.
Platinum Group Metal-Base Metal Car Catalysts (O2 Storage)
johnson matthey & co. ltd. French Appl. 2,343,505
The catalyst, for the purification of exhaust gases, consists of one or more of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir, Os, Ru, Au and Ag and one or more base metals, at least one of which has two or more oxidation states. The catalyst is capable of removing O2 from an O2-rich gas stream.
Palladium or Osmium Molybdate Catalysts
e. f. etienne de berwinne et al French Appl. 2,345,163
A catalytic device for removing odours and polluting gases from the atmosphere can use Os or Pd molybdate as the catalyst.
Supported Palladium Catalyst
johnson matthey & co. ltd. French Appl. 2,351,703
The catalyst is prepared by depositing a Pd compound in vapour form on to a suitable granular, porous, solid support which is kept at a temperature above the decomposition temperature of Pd.
Rhodium or Iridium Catalyst for Ethane Production
entreprise de recherches et d'activites petrolieres and ste. national elf aquitane French Appl. 2,346,309
Ethane is prepared by the selective hydrogenolysis of alkanes in the presence of a catalyst consisting of Rh or Ir dispersed on a support which is free of sulphate ions.
Platinum Group Metal Catalyst for Hydrocarbon Treatment
cie. francaise de raffinage French Appl. 2,347,096
The catalyst consists of an Al2O3 support, a halide, 0.02−2.0% of a Pt group metal, specifically Pt, 0.02−2.0% Sn and 0.1−2.0% Si.
HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Hydrogen Peroxide
air products and chemicals inc. British Patent 1,516,418
The synthesis of H2O2 from H2 and O2 in aqueous organic media is catalysed by complexes L2MX2, where L is preferably a tertiary phosphine or arsine and M is a Group VIII metal such as Pt, Ni, or, preferably, Pd.
Hydroformylation Catalysts
california institute of technology British Patent 1,517,662
Catalysts of good activity and stability are obtained by u.v. irradiation of a solution containing a transition metal compound and an amino polymer. The polymer may be a vinylpyridine polymer, and the metal is Pt, Pd, Ir, Rh or Ru.
Rhodium Hydroformylation Catalyst
monsanto co. U.S. Patent 4,072,709
Lactic acid is prepared by the hydroformylation of a vinyl ester using a Rh complex catalyst, such as a cyclooctadiene-phosphine complex, to give a propionaldehyde which is then oxidised over a Ag catalyst and finally hydrolysed.
Rhodium Polymer Catalyst for Alcohol Production
mobil oil corp. U.S. Patent 4,072,720
Alcohols are produced by reacting aldehydes or acetals with H2 in the presence of CO and a Group VIII catalyst, specifically Rh, in the form of a complex with a polymer carrying amine, thiol, phosphine or arsine groups.
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Platinum-Containing Brazing Material
general electric co. U.S. Patent 4,073,426
W anode targets are joined to graphite substrates by a brazing method which employs a controlled atmosphere and Pt, or a Pt-Cr alloy, as the brazing material.
Palladium Membranes for Hydrogen Generator
nippon soken inc. U.S. Patent 4,078,985
A H2 generator for producing H2 gas by electrolysing an electrolytic solution uses Pd or Pd alloy membranes as the cathode.
Platinum Group Metal Isolation Layer for Diamond Manufacture
general electric co. U.S. Patent 4,082,185
Diamond crystals of controlled impurity content and/or impurity distribution are prepared by a process which uses a layer of isolating material, such as Pt, Ir, Os, Rh, Pd and/or Ru, in combination with a layer of diamond nucleation suppressing material.
Screen Printing on to Glass Bottles
ste. bordelaise de decoration s.a.r.l. French Appl. 2,354,980
After applying a suitable decoration to the bottle by screen printing, a spray gun is used to apply a layer of liquid, containing in suspension precious metal particles, so as to give a metallic appearance to the decoration after the solvent used has evaporated. The metals specified are Pt, Au and Ag.
GLASS TECHNOLOGY
Crucible for Melting Glass
owens-corning fiberglas corp. British Patent 1,508,820
An apparatus for melting glass to produce filaments is lined with Pt or an alloy with Rh.
Glass Making
saint gobain industries British Patent 1,514,317
A very rapid procedure for the manufacture and refining of glass is described. Pre-fused vitreous material is poured from a furnace into a horizontal channel where it is heated and mixed with a foaming agent to increase its volume by at least 50% and is maintained at a viscosity 
1000 poise until the foam collapses. The channel, heating elements, and accessories are constructed of a Pt-Rh alloy.
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
Ceramic Sheets
g. j. elderbaum British Patent 1,510,822
The dimensions of ceramic thin sheets for uses such as bases for capacitors or printed circuits are controlled by defining a substantial border of metallic composition to the surface of the cast slip. A suitable metallic composition contains 40−60% Pt, 30−50% Pd and 5−15% Au in liquid.
Electric Contacts
western electric co. inc. British Patent 1,514,795
Ohmic conductors are formed on n-type semiconductors (especially GaAs) by deposition of a layer of Ge-Pd alloy and heating at 200−700°C for 5min–24h (preferably 300−550°C for 10min–3h).
Semiconductor Device
post office British Patent 1,517,537
A GaAs laser includes layers of Au, Au-on-Pt-on-Ti, and Au-Ge alloy.
Electric Contacts
fujitsu ltd. British Patent 1,517,702
The erosion of working contacts is reduced by using a low-melting metal, such as Sn or Pb, in combination with a high-melting metal such as Rh or Ru.
Self-Cleaning Oven
s.a. cie. europeenne pour l'equipement menager "cepem" British Patent 1,518,230
A self-cleaning oven has an internal coating of Pd oxide heated by an electrical resistance element.
Platinum Foil for Optical Circuits
bell telephone laboratories inc. U.S. Patent 4,073,675
In the preparation of optical circuits on LiTaO3 substrates a layer of Pt foil is used.
Gold-Platinum Alloy for Heating Unit
corning glass works U.S. Patent 4,073,970
A strip of a Pt-Au alloy is used to form the electrical resistance heating element for an electrical cooking or heating unit.
Ruthenium Alloy Conductors
international business machines corp. U.S. Patent 4,075,756
In the manufacture of integrated circuits a conductor used can be formed of a Ru-Mo alloy.
Rhodium and Palladium Layers for Semiconductor Device
u.s. philips corp. U.S. Patent 4,078,963
A semiconductor device which has a pattern of conductors on a supporting body uses Rh and Pd layers as the base metallisation layers.
Platinum Catalyst for a Gas Ignition System
matthey bishop inc. U S. Patent 4,080,150
A H2 pre-ignition device is used to ignite a hydrocarbon gas stream. In the device a small volume of H2 is mixed with air and passed over a Pt containing catalyst which is activated with Al and is in mesh form. A flame is produced which extends away from the catalyst and is directed so that it intersects the gas stream.
Lanthanide Phosphors
dai nippon toryo co. ltd. U.S. Patent 4,081,398
Fluorescent compositions are described which contain Ir oxide and a phosphor. The phosphor can contain a lanthanide, such as La, Eu or Tb.
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
MEDICAL USES
Platinum
mobil oil corp. U.S. Patent 4,075,307
β-PtCl2 reacts with gaseous NH3 to give catalytically active Pt and also complexes of PtCl2.nNH3, which may be useful in cancer research.
Dental Alloys
w. c. hearaeus g.m.b.h. German Offen. 2,638,837
The alloys contain 50−78% Au, 0.1−8% Pd, 3−36% Ag, 0.5−18% Cu, 1−5% Zn and 1−8% In.
Branched Chain Amine Complexes of Platinum (IV)
rustenberg platinum mines ltd. South African Appl. 77.1163
A composition of matter, suitable for the treatment of cancer, comprises a trans-dihydroxy complex of Pt(IV) containing two halogenoid ligands and two branched chain aliphatic amines co-ordinated to the Pt through their N atoms.
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