NEW PATENTS: April 1979
Journal Archive
NEW PATENTS: April 1979
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Fungicides
hoechst a.g. British Patent 1,528,838
Alkoxyacyl cyclic amines, useful as agricultural fungicides, are obtained by electrolysis of the acylamines in alcohol. The electrodes are nets or plates of Pt or Pd, or the cathode is a base metal coated with a platinum group metal.
Fuel Cell Electrodes
united technologies corp. British Patent 1,529,539
Thin, light weight electrodes are obtained by spraying a C membrane or Au or Ag gauze with a suspension of p.t.f.e. and a catalytically active material, such as Pt black, platinised C or a mixture of Pd and Pt.
ELECTRODEPOSITION AND SURFACE COATINGS
Electrodeposition of Palladium-Nickel Alloys
schering a.g. British Patent 1,536,462
Lustrous coatings of Pd-Ni alloys having suitable alloying ratios may be obtained by electroplating the metals from an aqueous ammoniacal bath in which they are present as complexes of compounds containing N2 and/or O2, such as amines, amino-carboxylic acids or ketocarboxylic acids. Alanine, glycine, glyoxalic acid and polyalkylenepolyamines are used as complexing agents.
LABORATORY APPARATUS AND TECHNIQUE
Alumina Crystals
union carbide corp. British Patent 1,530,608
Al2O3 single crystals, used for optical windows, are obtained by drawing from a melt contained in a crucible which is preferably fabricated from Ir.
Hydrogen Diffusion Membrane
european atomic energy community British Patent 1,533,285
The membrane is an alloy of Pd with 5−25% Sn or 2−7% Si or 4−23% Sn and 1−3% Si.
Diffusion Membranes
donet. politekhn. inst. and sverdlov. zavod po obrabot. tsvet. metal. British Patent 1,536,101
The manufacture of seamless capillary thin-walled vacuum-tight pipes from Pd alloys, for use as H2 diffusion membranes, is described.
Platinum Group Metal Coatings for Electrodes
u.o.p. inc. U.S. Patent 4,119,513
An O2 sensor for use in industrial air/fuel control systems has platinum group metal coatings on the electrode sensing and reference surfaces. The preferred metal is Pt.
Gas Sensor
robert bosch g.m.b.h. German Offen. 2,709,173
A sensor for use in an I.C.E. exhaust system consists of a solid-electrolyte bed, with three non-catalytic electrodes, which are Au, and three catalytic electrodes which are a platinum group metal or its alloy.
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Lactams
beecham group ltd. British Patent 1,529,913
In the synthesis of carbomethoxymethylene lactams of pharmacological interest, protective groups may be removed by hydrogenolysis in the presence of Pd/charcoal.
Oxidation Catalysts
petro-tex chemical corp. British Patent 1,534,437
A mixed metal oxide catalyst for the oxidation of butane to maleic anhydride may include Ru, Ce and/or Nd.
Kanamycins
bristol-myers co. British Patent 1,535,215
In the synthesis of kanamycin derivatives with biological activity, protective benzyloxycarbonyl groups may be removed by hydrogenolysis, preferably in the presence of Pd/carbon.
Pyrazolium Compounds
american cyanamid co. British Patent 1,536,493
The synthesis of pyrazolium derivatives useful as herbicides and fungicides may include a hydro-dehalogenation reaction carried out in the presence of Pd/C or Pt/C.
Naphtha Reforming
u.o.p. inc. U.S. Patent 4,104,154
Naphtha may be reformed using a catalytic composite containing platinum group metals (and optionally other metals) on an Al2O3 support obtained from an Al2O3 monohydrate, suspended in aqueous alkali, which is reacted with a strong acid salt such as Al nitrate.
Catalytic Steam Reforming
british gas corp. U.S. Patent 4,104,201
A catalyst for steam reforming at high pressures and low temperatures (resistant to polymer deactivation) contains 25−75% Ni deposited on 75−25% Al2O3 and calcined and then treated to deposit up to 0.8% Ru.
Ruthenium Containing Perovskite Compositions
e. i. du pont de nemours & co. U.S. Patent 4,107,163
The complexes MM′2RuO6 (M is Y, Bi or a lanthanide, M′ is Ba or Sr) with a perovskite-type crystal structure are used as emission catalysts for NOx reduction and CO oxidation.
Platinum-Rhodium Oxidation Catalyst
e. i. du pont de nemours & co. U.S. Patent 4,107,278
In an Andrussow-type process for preparing HCN from methane and ammonia, the activity of the Pt-Rh alloy catalyst is improved by adding CO2 to the reactants.
Platinum Group Metal/Alumina Catalyst
comstook & wescott inc. U.S. Patent 4,108,797
A catalyst for the self-ignition and combustion of fuels, such as lower alcohols, consists of a small pellet of α-Al2O3 integrated with 16−60% of a platinum group metal.
Rhodium and Ruthenium Impregnated Carbon Catalysts
universite de sherbrooke U.S. Patent 4,113,651
A carbon supported metal, Rh or Ru, catalyst is prepared by impregnating a peat material with an aqueous solution of the metal salt followed by drying and pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere.
Platinum Group Metal Promoter for Water Purification Catalysts
phillips petroleum co. U.S. Patent 4,115,264
A catalyst for the liquid phase oxidation of organically polluted water contains Pt, Pd, K, La and/or Ce as a promoter.
Multimetal Dehydrocyclisation Catalyst
u.o.p. inc. U.S. Patent 4,119,529
A dehydrocyclisation catalyst consists of a porous carrier, 0.01−2.0% Pt or Pd, 0.01−2.0% Rh, 0.05−5.0% Co and 0.1−3.5% halogen.
Platinum or Palladium Catalyst Reactivation
ashland oil inc. U.S. Patent 4,120,819
Pd or Pt catalyst values poisoned in the course of catalysing the reductive alkylation of an acid hydrazide are completely reactivated by treatment with a dilute aqueous solution of a lower mono-carboxylic or mineral acid and contacting the resultant slurry with O2.
Ruthenium Catalyst for Production of Hydrocarbons
continental oil co. U.S. Patent 4,120,881
Predominantly aliphatic lower hydrocarbon materials are obtained by treatment of carbonaceous solids in a process which involves gasification and reaction with a Ru catalyst.
Gas Turbine
johnson matthey & co. ltd. German Offen. 2,809,407
A gas turbine includes a monolithic catalytic burner of heat resistant metal, such as Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt or their alloys, or a base metal alloy, such as a Ni-Cr alloy or an Fe alloy containing Al, Cr and up to 3% Y. The metal substrate may be coated with a first layer of refractory oxide, which may be a lanthanide metal oxide, and a second layer of catalytically active metal chosen from Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt, Ag, Au and their alloys.
Metal Supported Catalysts for Methanation
johnson matthey & co. ltd. German Offen. 2,813,329
The formation of methane from synthesis gas is catalysed by active material deposited on the surface of channels in a solid metal block. The block may be of base and/or noble metal alloy, and the active material is at least one of Ni, Re, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt or preferably Ru.
HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Alcohol Dehydrogenation
national research development corp. British Patent 1,530,447
Aldehydes and ketones are produced by dehydrogenation of alcohols in the presence of a catalyst which is a complex of Os or Ru, preferably Ru(RCO2)2(CO)(PPh3)2 where R is CF3 or C2F5.
Rhodium Carbonyl Catalyst for the Water Gas Shift Reaction
university of rochester U.S. Patent 4,107,076
The catalyst, for the H2O gas shift reaction, consists of {Rh(CO)2Cl}2, an iodide salt of a non-reacting cation and one of HCl, HBF4, H2O and acetic acid.
Molten Triphenylphosphine Hydroformylation
johnson matthey & co. ltd. U.S. Patent 4,108,905
A gas phase hydroformylation process for the production of butyraldehyde from propylene uses, as catalyst, a Rh hydrido carbonyl phosphine complex, and is carried out in the absence of solvent and in the presence of excess molten phosphine, such as triphenylphosphine.
Ruthenium Phosphine Hydride Catalyst
phillips petroleum co. U.S. Patent 4,117,016
Structural modification of unsaturated alcohols is achieved by contacting the alcohol with a Ru complex of formula {Ru(PR3)3HXYm} (R is 1−10C hydrocarbyl, X is H or halogen, Y is CO or PR3, m is 0 or 1).
Platinum Group Metal Catalyst for Asymmetric Hydrogenation Reactions
monsanto co. U.S. Patent 4,119,652
A catalyst for the homogeneous catalytic hydrogenation of olefins to give an optically active mixture of products is ML3Xn where M is Rh, Ir or Ru and possibly Os, Pd or Pt, L is a phosphine or arsine and X is an anion.
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Diffusion-Transfer Photographic Method
fuji photo film co. ltd. British Patent 1,531,240
A positive print and a transparent negative of a photograph are obtained simultaneously and immediately by diffusion-transfer means. The Ag halide emulsion may be sensitised by Au, Pd or Pt.
Platinum Catalyst for Silicone Rubber Composition
general electric co. U.S. Patent 4,102,852
A self-extinguishing room temperature vulcanisable silicone rubber composition contains 1–100 ppm Pt.
Europium Reagent for Solar Water Photolysis
r. a. frosch U.S. Patent 4,105,517
Europium photo-oxidisable reagents for use in the solar photolysis of water are regenerated by being reduced with a Ru ligand complex. The photolysis products may contain an insoluble H2 recombination catalyst such as Pt, Rh, Ir, Os or Ni.
Noble Metal Layer for Photochromic Systems
polaroid corp. U.S. Patent 4,106,861
Light transmitting photochromic articles, with low haze levels under illumination, have one layer containing Ag, Cu and halide ions and a layer of Au, Pt, Pd or Cr between this layer and a layer of halide impermeable material.
Film Membranes Containing Noble Metal Ions
standard oil co. (indiana)
U.S. Patent 4,106,920
Hydrophilic semipermeable film membranes with an increase in pore size can contain Ag, Au, Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Os, etc. They are used to separate ethylene from ethane and methane.
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
Light Conductors
siemens a.g. British Patent 1,530,091
A method is described of attaching Au or Pt electrodes to crystals of electro-optical material, such as Li niobate or tantalate.
Ordered Alloys
sony corp. British Patent 1,530,459
Ordered alloys, used for instance in magnetic recording media or electric contacts, are obtained by providing a solid base layer of Ni and/or Co, depositing Pt on the base layer and heating at a temperature below the order/disorder transformation temperature to cause diffusion.
Resistors
allied chemical corp. British Patent 1,530,910
Precision resistors are fabricated from amorphous alloys containing 13−30 at. % of at least one metalloid and 70−87 at. % of at least one transition metal, which may be a platinum group metal.
Resistance Materials
philips electronic & associated industries ltd. British Patent 1,535,139
A resistance material with a negative thermal coefficient of resistance is a mixture of a binder and a metal rhodate M3Rh7O15, where M is preferably Pb or Sr.
Display Device
international business machines corp. British Patent 1,535,684
Electrochromic display devices include transparent electrodes which may be thin layers of Au or Pt.
Thin Film Strain Gauge
general electric co. U.S. Patent 4,104,605
Protection against corrosion and erosion is provided by coating the thin film of resistive material such as Pt with an insulating film such as Al2O3.
Gallium Arsenide Schottky Barrier Field Effect Transistors
bell telephone laboratories inc. U.S. Patent 4,104,672
An integrated high power FET features gate cross-under fingers made from a Ti-Pt-Au sandwich.
Metal Rhodate Resistance Determining Material
u.s. philips corp. U.S. Patent 4,107,387
The material consists of a glass binder, metal oxides and M3Rh7O15 (M is Pb). It can also optionally contain M′2M″2O6−7 (M′ is Rb, M″ is Ru, Os or Ir).
Palladium and Gold Laminate Film
e. i. du pont de nemours & co. U.S. Patent 4,109,052
A film laminate with low surface resistivity, high abrasion resistance and high light transmission consists of a polymeric substrate layer and a transparent metal layer, of for instance Pd or Au, bonded to the substrate by a polymeric coupler.
Platinum Metal Layer for Anode Target
general electric co. U.S. Patent 4,119,879
A graphite disc assembly for a rotating X-ray tube has a graphite substrate and an anode target of either W or W/Re joined to the substrate by a layer of Rh, Os, Ru, Pt, Pt/Cr or Pd.
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
Platinum Wires for Self-Heating Thermocouple
sidbec-dosco ltee U.S. Patent 4,102,708
The thermocouple which is used for continuously monitoring the internal surface temperature of a refractory lining in a metallurgical furnace has two dissimilar metallic wires contained in a sheath. The wires are of Pt and a Pt-Rh alloy.
MEDICAL USES
Branched Chain Amine Complexes of Platinum
rustenburg platinum mines ltd. British Patent 1,531,211
A Pt compound for the treatment of cancer has the formula (A)(B)Pt(X)(Y) in which X and Y are the same or different halogenoid groups and A and B are the same or different branched chain aliphatic amine groups.
Heart Pacers
american optical corp. British Patent 1,535,210
Heart pacers have porous metal electrodes preferably made from sintered Pt dust.
Dental and Jewellery Alloys
howmedica inc. British Patent 1,536,091
Useful Au-coloured alloys with good soldering properties contain, in weight %: Au 60–70, Pt 0–10 and Pd 0–10 total 4.99–10, Cu 10–25, Ga 5–10 and Ir 0–0.01.
Cardiac Pacemaker
greater glasgow health board British Patent 1,536,270
A pacemaker has lead wires of Pt or Pt-Ir alloy which are sheathed in a flexible insulating material such as silicone rubber. As a safety measure in case of rupture of the wire, a secondary path is provided by a Pt coating on the internal surface of the sheath.
Amine Complexes of Platinum (IV)
rustenburg platinum mines ltd. U.S. Patents 4,119,653–4
Pt co-ordination complexes for the treatment of cancer have the formula [(A)(B)Pt(X)(Y)trans (OH)2] in which X and Y are halogenoids. In the first patent, A and B are selected from straight chain aliphatic amines and in the second from branched chain aliphatic amines, the formula in both cases being CnR2n+1NH2 in which n is 3–9 and the R groups are the same or different and are selected from H, aryl, alkaryl, (pseudo) halogen, OH, carbonyl, formyl, nitro, amido, amino, sulphonic acid and salts thereof and carboxylic acid and salts thereof and additionally (in 4,119,654) alkyl and aralkyl.