NEW PATENTS: January 1986
Journal Archive
NEW PATENTS: January 1986
METALS AND ALLOYS
Creep Resistant Platinum Alloys
owens-corning fiberglas corp.
U.S. Patent 4,507,156
The creep resistance of a thermomechanical processed Pt-based alloy, for example yttria dispersion-strengthened Pt, is improved by heating the alloy to at least 2800°F for at least 6 hours.
Resistance Alloy
research institute of electric & magnetic alloys
U.S. Patent 4,518,439
An electrical resistance alloy having a very low temperature coefficient of resistance over a wide range of temperatures contains 59−88% Pd and 12−41% Fe and is produced by working the material in a specified manner.
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Electrode Manufacture
permelec electrode ltd.
British Appl. 2,154,248A
A liquid composition containing electrode component metal (such as Ru, Pd or Ir) ions and an organic compound capable of forming a complex with the metal ions is thermally decomposed to form an electrode.
Electrode for Electrolysis
t.d.k. corp.
European Appl. 153,586
Electrodes for use, for example, in the electrolysis of brine and providing increased O overvoltage, reduced O evolution and improved anodic current efficiency consist of a valve metal substrate coated with a mixture of 10−30 mol% Ru oxide, 5−15 mol% Pt, Pt oxide and/or Ir oxide and 55−85 mol% Sn oxide.
Cryoelectrodeposition Electrode
r. m. rose and d. r. sadoway
European Appl. 155,749
Amorphous metals and semiconductors may be electrodeposited in a cryogenic environment using Pt foil electrodes.
Ruthenium-Coated Electrodes
dow chemical co.
U.S. Patent 4,507,183
An electrode is produced by electroplating Ru metal on to a substrate from a nonacidic Ru-containing electroplating solution which includes a salt of the complex [Ru2N(H2O)2X8]3− where X is Cl or Br.
Anode for Electrolysis
r. c. langley
U.S. Patent 4,512,866
An improved anode for use in electrolytic processes with an electrolyte containing H2SO4 acid consists of a valve metal substrate coated with a Pb antipassivation layer and then with a Pb ruthenate or Pb iridate catalyst.
Anode Electrocatalyst
bbc brown boveri & co. ltd.
U.S. Patent 4,513,102
A catalyst for coating anodes for electrolysis is a rutile crystal containing (in mols) 10−96% SnO2, 2−45% IrO2 and 2−45% RuO2.
Photoelectrode
union oil co. of california
U.S. Patent 4,521,499
A specified photoelectrode consists of a substrate containing a semiconductor material and a thin conductive coating which may be RuS2, PtCoO2, PdCoO2, PdCrO2 or PdRhO2, among others.
Water Electrolysis
united technologies corp.
U.S. Patent 4,528,083
The generation of O2 from a membrane electrolytic cell having a conventional catalytic cathode is improved by using a catalytic anode which is a ternary composition of at least two platinum group metals and one valve metal or their oxides. The preferred composition is 50% Ru, 25% Ir and 25% Ta.
Anode for the Electrolysis of Sea Water
institut khimii dalnevostochnogo nauchnogo tsentra an sssr
Russian Patent 1,139,770
An anode of improved stability for use in the electrolysis of sea water consists of a Ti substrate coated with a mixture of 25−91% Co, 3−15% Ru and 6−60% Ti in the form of their oxides, such that the ratio Ru oxide:TiO2 is 1:2–4.
ELECTRODEPOSITION AND SURFACE COATINGS
Palladium Electroplating
a. t. & t. bell laboratories
U.S. Patent 4,512,963
In an improved Pd electroplating process the metal is supplied as a Pd diammine hydroxide.
Corrosion-Resistant Coating
nasa
U.S. Patent 4,522,844
A uniform thin metal film free from pinholes is deposited on a substrate by bombarding the amorphous metal or alloy with ions of an inert gas in the presence of a magnetic field and depositing the vapour so formed. Platinum group and/or lanthanide metals may be used in the process, and specific alloys include (Mo0.6Ru0.4)82B18.
LABORATORY APPARATUS AND TECHNIQUE
Toxic Gas Detection
u.s. department of energy
British Appl. 2,155,184A
An instrument for detecting low concentrations of a pollutant or other component in air or other gas, includes a heating filament having a catalytic surface of a noble metal (such as Pt, Ir, Pd, Rh, Au, or a mixture of Pd and Ag), for exposure to the gas and producing a derivative product from the component, and an electrochemical sensor.
Force Detector
shimadzu corp.
European Appl. 150,584
In a high-precision, vibration-type force detector of good stability the vibration string is made of a Pt-based Ni-containing alloy such as 92.5%Pt−7.5%Ni.
Analytical Apparatus
anatel instrument corp.
European Appl. 150,923
An instrument for measuring the organic C content of water samples incorporates two concentric circular electrodes, preferably of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir or Ti.
Oxygen Sensor
toyota chouo kenkyusho k.k.
U.S. Patent 4,510,036
A limiting electric current type O concentration detector of simple construction incorporates a ZrO2 solid electrolyte, for example, stabilised with Y2O3, a Pt film electrode and a Pt film heater.
Radiation Pyrometer
smiths industries p.l.c.
U.S. Patent 4,521,088
A radiation pyrometer for a gas-turbine engine has a sapphire lens which focuses radiation from the turbine blades on to the end of a fibre-optic cable. The exposed front surface of the lens is coated, by vapour-phase deposition, with a mixture of Al2O3 and Pt to catalyse the oxidation of soot.
JOINING
Brazing Alloy
allied corp.
U.S. Patent 4,508,257
An alloy, which is free from B and P and is suitable for brazing at less than 1000°C, consists of Ni with 15−20 at.% Si and 25−35 at.% Pd.
Glass-to-Metal Seal
honeywell inc.
U.S. Patent 4,509,880
In a procedure for sealing a glass rod or tube into a narrow tube of metal, such as steel, the inserted end of the glass is first metallised for better bonding with the solder. According to the claims the metallisation consists of successive thin films of Ti-W alloy, Ni and Au but in the text a double coat of Pt-Ag is best.
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Hydrocarbon Reforming
chevron research co.
British Appl. 2,153,384A
In a method of reforming hydrocarbons, in particular of dehydrocyclising alkanes containing at least 6 C atoms to form aromatic hydrocarbons, the hydrocarbons are contacted with a catalyst containing a large-pore zeolite (preferably of type L, X or Y), a Group VIII metal such as Pt, Pd, Rh, Ir or Ru, and one of Ba, Sr and Ca, under conditions so adjusted that the selectivity for n-hexane dehydrocyclisation is > 50%.
Hydrocarbon Conversion
chevron research co.
British Appl. 2,153,840A
A hydrocarbon feed having a S concentration < 500 ppb is reformed over a dehydrocyclisation catalyst with a large-bore zeolite of at least one Group VIII metal, preferably Pt, to produce aromatics and H2.
Coal Liquefaction
coal industry (patents) ltd.
British Appl. 2,156,841A
In a method of coal liquefaction using a liquid H donor solvent, at least part of the solvent is catalytically dehydrogenated using Pt and/or Pd on Al2O3, SiO2 or C, to reduce the cyclic saturates.
Heating Apparatus
nakajima dokosho co. ltd.
British Appl. 2,156,964A
A heating apparatus, such as a soldering iron, using liquefied gas as a heat source, employs a combustion catalyst which is preferably 90−98% Pt and 2−10% Rh on Al2O3 and/or SiO2 coated with γ -Al2O3.
Nitrogen Oxide Reduction in Stack Gases
uhde g.m.b.h.
European Appl. 152,907
NOx in the stack gases from coal-fired power stations is reduced in two catalytic stages. In the first stage the reducing agent is the CO/hydrocarbon component of the gases, and in the second stage the N2O so formed is reacted with an additive such as NH3. In both stages a washable catalyst such as Pt is used.
Hydrocarbon Reforming
institut francais du petrole
European Appl. 153,891
In a process for reforming a hydrocarbon stream by passage through multiple catalyst beds, the first bed, which contains 8−40% of the total amount of catalyst, consists of an Al2O3 carrier supporting 0.05−0.6% Pt, 0.005−3% Re and 0.1−15% halogen. The second and any subsequent beds consist of an Al2O3 carrier with 0.05−0.6% Pt, Sn, Tl and/or In and halogen.
Diesel Exhaust Gas Purification
degussa a.g.
European Appl. 154,145
The filter and converter for diesel engine exhaust gases contains a number of filter layers of two different types: (a) a layer carrying a catalyst for promoting C black combustion and (b) a layer carrying a catalyst for burning off gaseous contaminants. The catalysts specified mostly contain base metals for (a) and platinum metals for (b).
Catalytic Combustion of Fuel in an I.C. Engine Cylinder
coventry city council
European Appl. 156,543
An I.C. engine has two cylinders connected at their head ends by a combustion chamber containing a catalyst. The cylinders undergo a four stroke operation but the purpose of the Pt or mixed platinum metal catalyst is low temperature combustion.
Oxidation Catalyst
american cyanamid co.
European Appl. 158,119
A catalyst for the adiabatic oxidation of HCN to isocyanic acid consists of Pd-plated Ag crystallites.
Reduction Device
becton, dickinson & co.
European Appl. 158,728
A rupturable package provides means for reducing the O2 in a given volume of air, such as a sealed gas jar, for growing anaerobic bacteria. The package contains a H2-generating material and a catalyst such as a supported platinum group metal, preferably Pd.
Chimney Catalytic Reactor
fondis s.a.
European Appl. 159,955
Pt or Pd catalyst units fitted in a domestic chimney, for example, are provided with a secondary air supply.
Olefin Oxidation Catalyst
phillips petroleum co.
U.S. Patent 4,507,507
A Pd/heteropolyacid/surfactant catalyst system, used with suitable diluents, improves the oxidation of olefins to ketones while reducing corrosive effects.
Catalysts for Olefin Production
air products & chemicals inc.
U.S. Patent 4,510,267
The conversion of synthesis gas to 2–6C olefins is catalysed by a Ru carbonyl complex such as Ru3(CO)12 supported on a carrier consisting of or containing Ce oxide.
Synthesis Gas Conversion Catalyst
standard oil co. (ohio)
U.S. Patent 4,510,320
A catalyst for the production of alkanes and alkyl acetates from synthesis gas and acetic acid consists of a carrier such as Al2O3-SiO2 supporting a mixed oxide of Ru, Ni and a Group IA metal, preferably Na.
Catalyst for Methanol Conversion
exxon research & engineering co.
U.S. Patent 4,513,161
A catalyst for the conversion of methanol to higher paraffins and olefins consists of Ru on TiO2.
Synthesis Gas Conversion Catalyst
eastman kodak co.
U.S. Patent 4,518,714
A catalyst for the conversion of synthesis gas to olefins consists of a Zn oxide carrier supporting about 1% each of Pd and Fe.
Dehydrogenation Catalyst
phillips petroleum co.
U.S. Patent 4,520,223
A catalyst for the conversion of paraffins to olefins or dienes is obtained by depositing a platinum group metal, preferably Pt, on the surface of a pelletised refractory support, using an aqueous solution of an inorganic complex such as (NH4)6Pt(SO3)4.
Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis
mobil oil co.
U.S. Patent 4,523,047
A specified procedure for the conversion of synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbons incorporates, as catalyst, Pt or Pd supported on ZSM-45 zeolite.
Automobile Exhaust Catalyst
uop inc.
U.S. Patent 4,526,886
An improved three-way catalyst consists of an Al2O3 carrier supporting a mixture of 60−90% U, 4.5−35% Pt and 0.5−5% Rh.
Sea Water Deoxygenation
conoco inc.
U.S. Patent 4,527,626
Injection-quality water for use in oil wells is obtained by (a) electrolysing sea water to obtain H2, (b) mixing the H2 with a mass of sea water containing dissolved O2 and passing the mixture through a catalyst bed. The catalyst preferably consists of anion exchange resin beads coated with Pd.
Automotive Catalyst
toyoto jidosha kogyo k.k. and cataler industrial co. ltd.
U.S. Patent 4,528,279
A durable catalyst for the purification of I.C. engine exhaust gases consists of a ceramic monolithic substrate coated with a film of Al2O3 containing 17.5−50% lanthanide metals of which more than 90% are oxides of Ce and La and the atomic ratio Ce:La is 0.05−0.3:1, and impregnated with Pt and Rh.
Lanthanide Catalyst for Carbonylation Reactions
hoechst a.g.
German Offen. 3,340,115
The formation of acetic acid and acetaldehyde from synthesis gas is catalysed by supported Rh, a promoter such as Y and a Group IA metal activator, such as Li.
Catalyst for Methanol Conversion
sud-chemie a.g.
German Offen. 3,340,569
A catalyst for the conversion of aqueous methanol to synthesis gas consists of a carrier, based on TiO2 or CeO2, impregnated with 0.15−0.5% Pt, Pd or Rh.
Oxidation Catalyst
dragerwerk a.g.
German Offen. 3,405,100
A catalyst for the oxidation of CO in industrial effluent gases to CO2 consists of an activated C carrier impregnated with an ammine-forming metal such as Zn and then with Pt or Pd.
HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Platinum- or Palladium-Siloxane Catalysts
degussa a.g.
European Appl. 151,991
New catalysts for hydrosilylation and hydrogenation reactions are polymeric organosiloxane ammonium compounds of formula (NR4)xYx− where Y is a Pt or Pd hexahalide or tetrahalide ion of valance x and R is an organic group of which at least one contains a siloxane group, such as [N(CH2CH2CH2SiO3/2)4]2PtCl4.
Rhodium Catalyst for Ester Production
bp chemicals ltd.
European Appl. 155,122
A second ester is produced by reacting a first carboxylic ester, an olefin, CO and H2 in the presence of a Rh source, a Ru source and Co or Zn iodide. Thus methyl acetate can be converted to propyl acetate with ethylene in the presence of Rh and Ru trichlorides, Zn iodide and picoline.
Rhodium Complex Catalyst
exxon research & engineering co.
European Appl. 159,460
In a process for olefin hydroformylation the catalyst is a Rh complex of formula Rh(L)3(CO)H where L is a diaryl (higher alkyl) phosphine.
Platinum Complex Catalysts
minnesota mining & manufacturing co.
U.S. Patent 4,511,715
Olefin hydrosilylation is catalysed by a complex PtCl2(C2H4)(L) where L is pyridine or phenazine.
Catalyst for Acetaldehyde Production
national distillers & chemical corp.
U.S. Patent 4,514,521
A catalyst for the production of acetaldehyde and/or ethanol from synthesis gas is preferably [RuCl2(CO)3]2 promoted with HX, LiX or a halide of a lanthanide metal.
Ruthenium Complex Catalyst
standard oil co.
U.S. Patent 4,519,954
A catalyst for the liquid-phase dimerisation of acrylic monomers consists of an oxide carrier such as SiO2, functionalised preferably with a P ligand such as (EtO)3SiCH2CH2PPh2 to which is bonded a Ru complex such as Ru dichloride tris(acrylonitrile).
Anti-Adhesive Composition
rhone-poulenc specialites chimiques
French Appls. 2,554,117/18
An anti-adhesive composition curable at elevated temperature consists of an organopolysiloxane containing vinyl groups, an organohydropolysiloxane, a catalyst which is a complex of a platinum group metal, such as bis(ethylene) Rh acetylacetonate, and a specified inhibitor.
FUEL CELLS
Oxygen Permeable Membrane
toshiba k.k.
European Appl. 154,468
A composite membrane and air electrode for H2−O2 fuel cells, etc., consists of a porous membrane and a thin layer of metal oxide in a C matrix. The metal of the oxide may be Pt, Rh, Ir, Os or Ru.
Graphite Fuel Cell Electrode
hitachi ltd.
European Appl. 157,385
The performance of a fuel cell is improved by using electrodes made from lamellar graphite with a Group IB and/or Group VIII noble metal deposited on the surface and between the lamellae of the graphite. This may be achieved electrochemically, for example by using chloroplatinic acid.
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Diffusion Transfer Film Units
polaroid corp.
European Appl. 154,377
Particularly useful image-receiving layers in a photographic product for Ag transfer images comprise colloidal Pd dispersed in colloidal SiO2.
The Production of Metal Particles from Molten Metal
johnson matthey p.l.c.
European Appl. 156,629
A thin film of molten metal is formed on an angled portion of a surface wetted by the metal and the film is then broken up by a gas flow. The metal may be Pt, Pd, Ru, Au, Cu, Co, Ni, etc.
Infrared Absorbers
mitsui toatsu chemicals inc.
U.S. Patent 4,508,655
Useful i.r. absorbers for incorporating into plastics are quaternary ammonium salts of specified halobenzene-o-dithiolates of Pt, Pd or Ni.
Metal Fibre Catchment Systems
johnson matthey p.l.c.
U.S. Patent 4,511,539
A getter for the recovery of precious metals, for example from the off-gases from a nitric acid plant, consists of an assembly of randomly oriented irregular 0.5–4 inch fibres of Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru, Ir, Ag, Au and/or their alloys, produced by a melt-extraction or melt-spun process.
GLASS TECHNOLOGY
Terminals for Glass-Melting Feeder
owens-corning fiberglas corp.
U.S. Patent 4,516,995
Terminals for supplying current to a feeder in a fibreglass spinning plant consist of a core of refractory base metal sheathed in a platinum metal or alloy.
ZGS-Pd Sandwich
johnson matthey p.l.c.
U.S. Patent 4,525,433
Composite materials of good strength, ductility and electrical conductivity (particularly suitable for use in the manufacture of bushings for glass-fibre production) consist of (a) a layer of Pd or Pd alloy, optionally dispersion strengthened sandwiched between (b) two layers of Pt or a Pt alloy, optionally dispersion strengthened.
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
CMOS Structure Production
national semiconductor corp.
British Appl. 2,157,885A
In a process for producing CMOS structures with bipolar transistors, a layer of Pt is deposited over a wafer surface and sintered to create Pt silicide within contact holes.
Semiconductor Device Fabrication
ferranti p.l.c.
British Appl. 2,158,639A
An initially continuous Pt layer is deposited on a Si oxide passivating material during the production of a semiconductor device, in which Pt silicide is selectively formed.
Magnetic Transducer
hitachi ltd.
European Appl. 152,000
A Co-Pt hard magnetic alloy may be used as the film in a magnetic transducer using magnetoresistance.
MESFET Transistors
laboratoires d’electronique et de physique appliquee lep
European Appl. 152,126
Ti-Pt-Au or Cr-Pt-Au multilayer contacts may be used in a MESFET field effect transistor for hyperfrequency applications.
Small Diameter Radiant Tube Heater
westinghouse electric corp.
European Appl. 152,734
Local high temperature heating of the inside of tube bores is achieved using an insulating rod wound with bare Pt-Rh wires.
Solid State Electrolytic Battery
sharp k.k.
European Appl. 156,241
A novel battery has a transition metal cathode capable of storing H, such as a Ti-Ni alloy, a solid heteropolyacid electrolyte and a Pt plate-Pt wire anode.
Thermionic Electron Emitter
thorn emi-varian ltd.
European Appl. 156,454
The electron emissive layer of the emitter is formed of an alloy containing 32−34 at.% Os and the balance as W and a porous refractory activated with a Group IIA metal, such as Ba oxide in Al2O3.
Tungsten-Iridium Impregnated Cathode
varian associates inc.
European Appl. 157,634
Pure W agglomerates are formed by sintering fine particles and then they are comminuted to coarse particles. The particles are mixed with fine Ir particles and then sintered. The cathode shapes formed are impregnated with a Group IIA aluminate.
Connections for Semiconductors
texas instruments inc.
U.S. Patent 4,507,851
Electrical interconnections on a semiconductor device are prepared by (a) sputter etching a SiO2 or Si nitride surface having windows on to a Si substrate and coating the entire surface consecutively with (b) Pt, (c) a barrier metal such as Ti-W alloy and (d) a conductive metal such as Al.
Metallised Ceramic
international business machines corp.
U.S. Patent 4,510,000
In a process for making multilayer ceramic modules for the electronics industry, a green dielectric ceramic sheet bearing a Mo or W pattern is laminated with the metallssed side of a plastic film, the backing is peeled away and the resulting composite is fired. The metallising metal, Pt, Rh, Ni or preferably Pd, alloys with the Mo or W to form a densified structure.
Solar Collector
inco selective surfaces ltd.
U.S. Patent 4,518,467
A solar collector for use at high temperatures is produced by forming a porous oxide film on a stainless steel surface and electrolytically depositing Pd or Ni in the pores.
Merged Fuse and Schottky Diode
advanced micro devices inc.
U.S. Patent 4,518,981
A merged Pt silicide fuse and Schottky diode structure especially for use in integrated circuits is claimed. It is compact and shows improved reverse-biased electrical characteristics.
Variable Resistor
murata manufacturing co. ltd.
U.S. Patent 4,527,147
A variable resistor device consists of an insulating substrate; a conductive electrode formed from AgPd, Ag-Pt or Ag, and optionally a glass frit, and resistors formed from glass frit; a filler such as Al2O3, TiO2 or Bi2O3; and an electrically conductive material which is Rh, Ru or Ag-Pd.
TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT
Well Tool Sensors
otis engineering corp.
British Appls. 2,153,536/37A
Pt resistors are used for sensing temperature in a collar locator sensor and a flow sensor for use in a well tool.
MEDICAL USES
Intravascular Catheter
m. mirowski
British Appl. 2,157,954A
The distal tip of an electrode in an intravascular multiple electrode unitary catheter is made of a Pt-Ir alloy. An intermediate electrode includes lead fittings and spring wire of Pt-coated Ti. Ag wire is also employed in the device.
Noble Metal Dental Alloy
degussa a.g.
European Appl. 154,123
An alloy for firing on to ceramics for dental purposes contains 20−65% Au, 25−65% Pd, 0−7% Ga, 0.2−11% In and/or Sri, 0−2% Cu, 0.05−1% Ru, Ir and/or Re, V, Fe and Co but base metal content <5%.
Detectable Molecules
enzo biochem inc.
European Appl. 154,788
Detectable organic molecules useful for in vitro or in vivo assays or therapy include a radioactive or nonradioactive metal capable of detection in a diagnostic procedure, such as an isotope of Pt, Pd, Ir, Os, Ru, Au, Ag, Ce, Er, Eu, Gd, Nd, Pr, Tb, Yb or Y.
Biodegradable Implant
university of strathclyde
European Appl. 155,288
A biodegradable implant is made from a degradable glass containing a chemotherapeutic material which may be Pt, Au, Ag, Cu or Zn.
Silicone Compositions
wacker-chemie g.m.b.h.
European Appl. 158,141
Curable silicone compositions for use in dentistry incorporate a Pt catalyst such as a product of reaction of chloroplatinic acid with a divinyltetramethyldisiloxane.
Cardiac Lead
a. e. astrinski
European Appl. 159,753
Electrodes of Pt, Pt-Ir or the like are used in a new design of cardiac sensing and pacing lead.
Dental Alloy
jeneric industries inc.
U.S. Patent 4,518,564
A dental alloy for porcelain-fused-to-metal restorations preferably contains 65−75% Pd, 8−16% Cu, 3.5−6% In, 2−6% Sri, 0.5−1% Ru, 2−5.5% Zn and 0.05−0.15% B.
Carcinostatic Platinum Complexes
nippon kayaku k.k.
French Appl. 2,553,777
Twenty-three complexes of Pt with aliphatic diamines are claimed. They are more water-soluble and less toxic than cis-platin.
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