NEW PATENTS: April 1986
Journal Archive
NEW PATENTS: April 1986
ELECTROCHEMISTRY
Thermoelectric Generator
ford motor co. ltd., ford-werke a.g. and ford france s.a.
European Appl. 163,391
A device for converting heat directly to electricity by expanding Na across a solid electrolyte incorporates a permeable electrode such as Pt.
Photocatalytic Structure
ford motor co. ltd.
European Appl. 164,184
A planar photoelectrochemical structure consists of a film of catalyst material such as platinum deposited over a thin, porous layer of semiconductor powder such as TiO2 on a substrate. The structure decomposes water into H2 and O2.
Metal Recovery Electrodes
w. c. heraeus g.m.b.h.
European Appl. 169,301
Electrodes particularly useful as O anodes in the electrolytic recovery of metals from aqueous solutions consist of an electrically conductive plastics support with particles of catalytic material embedded in the surface. The catalyst is Pt, Pd, Rh, Ru or Ir metal and/or oxide.
Oxygen Evolving Anode
eltech systems corp.
U.S. Patents 4,543,174 and 4,543,348
Ru can be used as the catalyst in O evolving anodes in a very economical manner by applying to a Pb substrate particles of a Ti sponge which has been impregnated with oxides of (a) Ru and Mn or (b) a platinum group metal, preferably Ru, and Ti.
ELECTRODEPOSITION AND SURFACE COATINGS
High Temperature Coatings
u.k. secretary of state for defence
U.S. Patent 4,530,885
Components of gas turbine engines are protected from oxidation or sulphidation at elevated temperature by a coating of Ni and/or Co alloy containing 30−40% Cr, 1−5% Ti and 2−10% Al, applied over an intermediate film, not more than 25 μ m thick, of Pt, Rh or Ni.
LABORATORY APPARATUS AND TECHNIQUE
pH Measurement Device
terumo corp.
European Appl. 167,117
Pt electrodes are used in a new device for pH measurement instead of conventional glass electrodes so that the device can be miniaturised.
Infrared Detector
u.s. secretary of the air force
U.S. Patent 4,533,933
A specified i.r.-detection device, incorporates a Schottky barrier of Ir silicide.
Gas Detector
bacharach instrument co.
U.S. Patent 4,541,988
A constant temperature instrument for measuring concentrations of an unknown gas incorporates a reference element and an active element both of which are formed from Pt or Pt-Ir alloy wire. The active element is coated with a catalyst such as Pt/Al2O3.
JOINING
Alloy Layer Formation on Metal Surfaces
daiki engineering co. ltd.
European Appl. 162,601
A metal surface is coated with one or more uniform metal layers and these are then melted by irradiation with a laser or other high energy beam to form a tightly adherent bond. In some examples Pd alloy layers are applied to Ni and Ti.
Nitride Ceramic Metal Composite
toshiba k.k.
European Appl. 162,700
A nitride ceramic is heated in a vacuum in contact with a metal (such as Pt) so that the ceramic surface dissociates and the nitride precursor (such as Si) is formed and bonds with the metal.
Braze for Carbide Composites
general electric co.
European Appl. 166,379
A carbide composite abrasive is bonded to a cemented carbide support using a brazing alloy containing 18−39.5% Au, 3.5−14.5% Ni, 2.5−10.5% Pd, 7.5−9.0% Mn and the balance Cu.
Chemical Vapour Deposition
advanced technology inc.
U.S. Patent 4,535,029
In a process for coating a refractory substrate with Sn, Pb, In and/or one of their alloys, the adhesion is improved by adding to the deposited metal composition about 2% of Pt and/or Pd.
Sputtering Target
gte products corp.
U.S. Patent 4,544,091
In a process for bonding a sputtering target such as Y2O3 to a heat-conductive backing plate such as Cu, a bonding layer (preferably of Pt) is applied to the back of the target to provide an oxide-free layer to which an In/Pb solder will adhere.
HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Purification of Gases
boc group p.l.c.
British Appl. 2,160,439A
A Pt hydrogenation catalyst is used in a method of removing an O impurity from a pressurised stream of gaseous N2 or noble gas other than He.
Alkanoic Anhydride Production
bp chemicals ltd.
British Appl. 2,161,810A
A process for the production of acetic anhydride or other alkanoic anhydride from 2−6C alkene, CO and either methanol or acetic acid includes a carbonylation step at elevated pressure and temperature in the presence of a platinum group metal (preferably Rh or Ir or a compound thereof) and an iodide promoter.
Hydrocarbon Production from Synthesis Gas
british petroleum co. p.l.c.
European Appl. 162,554
A new catalyst for syngas conversion consists of a Group IVA and/or Group VIII metal, such as Ru, deposited on an amorphous framework matrix derived from a hydrolysable compound of Si, Al, Ga, Mg, Ca, P, Ti, Be, V, La or Ce. Preferably the Ru is also activated with Fe and K.
Hydrogen Transfer Reaction Apparatus
energy conversion devices inc.
European Appl. 164,035
A specified reactor is provided with a transverse membrane of a H pump material such as Pd, Ti or Ni. This membrane is coated on one side with a H evolution catalyst such as Pt, Pd, Au or Ag, among others, and on the other side with a hydrogenation catalyst such as Pt, Pd, Ru or Os, among others.
Catalysts
goodyear tire & rubber co.
European Appl. 169,161
Improved Fischer-Tropsch catalysts consist of (a) a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer functionalised with a pyridine derivative, complexed with (b) a Group VIII metal carbonyl derivative such as H2FeOs(CO)13, Ru3(CO)12 or MnCo(CO)9.
Removal of Nitrogen Oxides from Waste Gases
sud-chemie a.g.
European Appl. 169,939
Waste gases from I.C. engines, boiler plant, etc., contain NOx as well as SOx. A new catalyst which resists S poisoning has a platinum group metal layer supported on or in a layer of Al2O3, SiO2 and/or Al silicate on a substrate. The intermediate layer may also contain one or more lanthanide oxides. The new catalyst has good low temperature selectivity.
Hydrocarbon Production Process
imperial chemical industries p.l.c.
European Appl. 171,206
Hydrocarbons and oxygenated hydrocarbons are produced by reacting CO, H2 and O2 in the presence of a Group VII or VIII catalyst, the O2 content of the mixture not exceeding 10% of the volume of H2. Typically a Rh on Mg stannate catalyst is used for ethanol production.
Gas Turbine Catalytic Combustion
general electric co.
U.S. Patent 4,534,165
Fuel in a gas turbine is burnt in individual combustion sections containing a solid oxidation catalyst such as a platinum metal, as before, but now the fuel supply is staged at each section to optimise combustion and to reduce NOx emissions.
Isotope Exchange Catalyst
atomic energy of canada ltd.
U.S. Patent 4,536,488
A catalyst for the exchange of H isotopes between liquid water and gaseous H, for example, is made by impregnating a high-surface crystalline silica with Pt(NH3)4Cl2, drying, reducing with H2 and coating with PTFE.
Alloy Catalyst
standard oil co.
U.S. Patent 4,536,585
The formation of acetals and acetal ethers from alcohols and aldehydes, such as 3-methoxypropionaldehyde dimethyl acetal from methanol and acrolein, is catalysed by finely divided PtTl0.7.
Hydrocarbon Reforming Catalyst
nippon oil co. ltd.
U.S. Patent 4,537,872
An improved catalyst for naphtha reforming consists of an inorganic carrier impregnated with 0.01−5% of a platinum group cluster anion complex salt, such as (NEt4)2Pt15(CO)30, Re and halogen. After impregnation the catalyst is oxidised and reduced.
Barium Stabilised Lead Tolerant Catalyst
johnson matthey p.l.c.
U.S. Patent 4,539,311
A Pb resistant catalyst for the purification of I.C. engine exhaust gases is made by impregnating an Al2O3 carrier preferably containing Ce oxide with Ba compound and calcining at not less than 400°C prior to impregnating with Pt, Pd and/or Rh.
Catalyst for Urea Production
at & t bell laboratories
U. S. Patent 4,542,006
Urea or ammonium cyanate can be obtained from a mixture of CO, N monoxide and H2 at moderate temperature and pressure in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst such as spongy Pt or Pd.
Photocatalyst
ford motor co.
U.S. Patent 4,544,470
A catalyst for the production of CO2 and H2 by the u.v. irradiation of formic acid consists of a substrate coated with a sputtered layer of Pt and then with a porous layer of n-type TiO2.
Hydrocarbon Removal from Exhaust Gases
uhde g.m.b.h.
German Offen. 3,405,649
Power stations operating on fossil fuels generate waste gases containing aromatic H. These are now removed by adjusting the O content of the waste gases to 0.1−5 vol.% and passing them over a catalyst containing 0.1−2% noble metal, such as Pt.
HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS
Hydrocarbon Synthesis Catalysts
british petroleum co. p.l.c.
European Appl. 169,743
The conversion of synthesis gas to hydrocarbons is catalysed by mixed oxides RuaKbCeOx.
Ethylene Glycol Production
basf a.g.
European Appl. 171,632
Ethylene glycol is obtained from synthesis gas at elevated temperatures and pressures in the presence of Rh and Co compounds, such as carbonyls, in a ratio of 20:1 to 60:1.
Surgical Silicone Products
innovative surgical products inc.
U.S. Patent 4,537,943
A lens is formed in vivo in an eye from a viscous siloxane polymer which is cured using a Pt catalyst, such as chloroplatinic acid complexed with a siloxane.
Amination Catalyst
texaco inc.
U.S. Patent 4,543,411
The production of secondary or tertiary amines by reaction of olefins with primary or secondary amines and synthesis gas is preferably catalysed by Ru3(CO)12 in molten tetrabutyl phosphonium bromide.
Platinum and Palladium Siloxane Hydrosilylation and Hydrogenation Catalysts
degussa a.g.
German Offens. 3,404,702/03
New catalysts for addition reactions are haloplatinates and halopalladates attached to a polymeric siloxane quaternary ammonium cation, such as [MeN(CH2CH2SiO)3]PtCl4. The same catalyst is used in German Offen. 3,404,703 for chloropropyl trichlorosilane production.
FUEL CELLS
Cathode Electrocatalysts
giner inc.
European Appl. 165,024
The cathodes for phosphoric acid fuel cells are made of new ternary alloys of Pt with less noble elements, such as Cr and Ce, which have greater stability and/or activity in the hot acid.
Catalytic Electrode
electrochemische energieconversie n.v.
U.S. Patent 4,536,272
A porous electrode for use in fuel cells is coated with a catalytic layer made of 3−30% mouldable polymeric binder, 3−47% hard hydrophobic polymer particles and 50−94% C particles supporting the active catalyst, such as Pt and/or Pd.
CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
Diffusion Membrane
phillips petroleum co.
U.S. Patent 4,536,196
In a process for the dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons, the H2 liberated is continuously removed through a selectively permeable membrane. The resistance to poisoning of the membrane, which is preferably fabricated from Pd-Ag alloy, is improved by coating its surface with a metal, preferably Ti.
GLASS TECHNOLOGY
Toric Contact Lens
ceskoslovenska akademie v.e.d.
British Appl. 2,160,677A
A toric contact lens has its centre of gravity displaced towards its edge by a one-sided thickening of the lens which may include at least one metallic corpuscle, preferably of a platinum group metal, Au or Ag.
Optical Glass Moulding
matsushita electric industrial co. ltd.
European Appl. 164,930
Thermally softened optical glass is pressed into a mould coated with a thin film of noble metal alloy to give a lens, prism, etc., of high surface quality. A suitable alloy contains 99−30% Pt and the remainder of another platinum group metal.
Glass Fibre Production
vitrofil s.p.a.
European Appl. 170,581
Pt-Rh alloy spinnerets are used to spin molten glass in a direction opposite to that of the force of gravity.
Protection of Glass Spinning Bushings
owens-corning fiberglas corp.
U.S. Patent 4,532,184
Bushings used in the production of fibreglass, and made of Pt, Ir and/or Rh, are protected from evaporation at elevated temperature by coating with a flame-sprayed layer of (a) a Ca aluminosilicate glass and (b) a refractory material such as a specified metal oxide, boride and/or silicide.
ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
Tungsten Halogen Lamps
thorn emi p.l.c.
European Appl. 162,673
The darkening of a Mo filament shield in an incandescent lamp may be prevented by plating with Pt.
Electric Connectors
international business machines corp.
European Appl. 163,050
A method for measuring the real contact area between a pin and a socket is provided. Both pin and socket are Au plated, then the pin is coated with Pt and mated with the socket. At points of contact the Pt is removed, and the area so affected is measured.
Spark Plug Tip
ngk spark plug co. ltd.
European Appl. 171,994
A new energy saving spark plug has a noble metal tip in the centre electrode formed from a fine wire electrically welded to the leading end face of the main body. The protruding wire tip is forged to form a flange. The noble metal may be a Pt-Ir, Pt-Ni or another Pt alloy.
Thick Film Resistor Composition
e. i. du pont de nemours & co.
U.S. Patent 4,539,223
A composition for making thick film resistors is a dispersion in a liquid organic medium of a finely divided mixture containing 4−75% of a Ru-based conductor such as Bi2Ru2O7, 25−96% glass frit and 0.05−15% Co2RuO4.
Glow Plug
allied corp.
U.S. Patent 4,545,339
A heated glow plug for a diesel engine is designed for corrosion resistance, low power requirement and a reduced thermal response time. The heating element is a film of Pt, Pd, Ir or Rh.
Thick Film Device
u.s. secretary of the air force
U.S. Patent 4,546,283
A thick film conductor arrangement is suitable for making connections between a resiliently mounted element such as a surface acoustic delay line and adjacent thick film conductors. The conductors are preferably alloys of (a) Pd and Ag and (b) Pt and Au.
MEDICAL USES
Biodegradable Implants
ceskoslovenska akademie v.e.d.
British Appl. 2,160,422A
A biodegradable implant has a matrix of a starch gel containing NaCl and glycerol as plasticiser, in which is dispersed 1−15% of microcystalline cisplatin (a cis-diamminedichloroplatinum addition compound).
Antibody-Linkable Pt Compounds: Amine Functionality
johnson matthey p.l.c.
European Appl. 167,310
New compounds for the treatment of cancer involve linkage to monoclonal antibodies. The Pt atom has at least one amine ligand which includes a functional group remotely bound to the amine group which can be used to attach the antibody. The compounds have the formula YRNHR′Pt(NH2R″)X2 where Y is the functional group, X is an anion or both X groups form a common anion and R, R′ and R″ are organic groups. Typically a suitable compound is cis-ammine sulphanilamide Pt dichloride.
Antibody-Linkable Pt Complexes: Leaving Group Functionality
johnson matthey p.l.c.
European Appl. 169,645
Improved materials for the treatment of cancer are Pt complexes which are linkable to a monoclonal antibody; for example (RNH2)2Pt(OOC)2-CH(CH2)nCOOH. The complexes include an antibody-linkable functional group which stabilises the linked compound to in vivo hydrolysis.
Blood Gas Sensors
diamond shamrock chemicals co.
U.S. Patent 4,534,356
Transcutaneous solid sensors for measuring the O2 diffusing through the skin are made from a noble metal electrode (platinum group metal, Au, Ag, etc., in a thick film), a Ag/AgCl reference electrode and an O-permeable polymeric membrane electrolyte.
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