Skip to content
1887
Volume 44, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 0032-1400

Abstract

The oxidation of ammonia for the production of nitric acid is a well known process which has been in constant use since the 1890s for the manufacture of fertiliser. Ammonia is oxidised on the surface of a woven or knitted catalyst gauze made of noble metals. Fertiliser production throughout the world partly depends on this technology and research is continuously being undertaken aimed at optimising output and reducing the noble metal loss from the catalysts. Here, some investigations carried out in Ukraine on the surface composition of binary (platinum-palladium) and ternary (platinum-palladiumrhodium) alloys used for the ammonia oxidation process are described. Samples of catalyst received different pretreatments, and their activity was then measured in a laboratory reactor, paying particular attention to the composition of the first few nanometres below the surface. Analysis of the experimental data showed that the role of carbon is different to that of other elements and that the activity of the catalyst is a maximum for carbon concentrations in the range 6 to 10 atomic per cent. It seems most probable than the carbon is present as microcrystals embedded in the alloy and concentrated on the faces of the metal crystals.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1595/003214000X4427484
2000-01-01
2024-11-23
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/pmr/44/2/pmr0044-0074.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1595/003214000X4427484&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. M. M. Karavaev, A. P. Zasorin, N. F. Kleshchev, M. M. Karavaev, Catalytic Ammonia Oxidation”, ed. Khimiya, Moscow, 1983 [Google Scholar]
  2. S. Savenkov, V. S. Beskov, The Kinetics and Catalysis of Heterogeneous Pressure Processes”, Vishcha Shkola, Kharkov, 1974 [Google Scholar]
  3. M. Bonne, N. D. Zaichko, M. M. Karavaev, V. M. Olevsky, Nitric Acid Production in Large-Scale Single Units”, ed. Khimiya, Moscow, 1985 [Google Scholar]
  4. Y. Ning, Z. Yang, Platinum Metals Rev., 1999, 43, (2), 62 [Google Scholar]
  5. V. I. Atroshchenko, S. I. Kargjn, Nitric Acid Engineering”, Khimiya, Moscow, 1970 [Google Scholar]
  6. B. T. Horner, Platinum Metals Rev., 1993, 37, (2), 76 [Google Scholar]
  7. S. V. Zyuzin, V. V. Barelko, V. I. Chernyshov, Russian Patent1, 573, 594; 1988 [Google Scholar]
  8. E. A. Brustian, S. Y. Vasina, I. V. Lazaricheva, Russian Patent1, 807, 608; 1991 [Google Scholar]
  9. O. Ya. Loboyko, G. I Gryn, N. V. Trusov, I. I. Goncharov, Regeneration of Catalysts on the Basis of Platinum and its Alloys’, Report of Int Meeting “Rare and Precious Metals”, Donetsk, 1994, Part III, pp. 4041 [Google Scholar]
  10. G. I. Gryn, N. V. Trusov, O. Ya. Loboyko, Activation and regeneration of the catalyst on the basis of platinum and its alloys during oxidation of ammonia and oxidizing ammonolysis of methane’, Section 9 in: “Catalytic and Mass Transfer Processes under Pressure in Inorganic Substances Technology”, Kharkov, “Osnova”, 1993 [Google Scholar]
  11. R. Behrisch, Sputtering by Particle Bombardment. I,”, ed. by Springer-Verlag, New York, 1981
/content/journals/10.1595/003214000X4427484
Loading
/content/journals/10.1595/003214000X4427484
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test