Mechanisms of Volume Diffusion of Gold into Single Crystal Iridium: EVIDENCE THAT VOLUME DIFFUSION, INTRINSIC OR EXTRINSIC, DEPENDS ON THE ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION WHICH OCCURS DURING ANNEALING OF SINGLE CRYSTAL IRIDIUM

By S. M. Klotsman; S. A. Matveev; G. N. Tatarinova; A. N. Timofeev; A. V. Yermakov; V. K. Rudenko

doi:10.1595/147106705X84412

ISSN: 0032-1400

oa Mechanisms of Volume Diffusion of Gold into Single Crystal Iridium

EVIDENCE THAT VOLUME DIFFUSION, INTRINSIC OR EXTRINSIC, DEPENDS ON THE ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION WHICH OCCURS DURING ANNEALING OF SINGLE CRYSTAL IRIDIUM
Authors: By S. M. Klotsman¹, S. A. Matveev¹, G. N. Tatarinova¹, A. N. Timofeev¹, A. V. Yermakov² and V. K. Rudenko²
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Affiliations: ¹ Laboratory of Diffusion, Institute of Metal PhysicsUral Branch RAS, 620219 EkaterinburgRussian Federation ² Ekaterinburg Non-Ferrous Metals Processing Plant JSCEkaterinburgRussian Federation
Source: Platinum Metals Review, Volume 50, Issue 1, Jan 2006, p. 29 - 34
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1595/147106705X84412
- Published online: 01 Jan 2006

Abstract

Iridium crucibles, examined after being used in the extraction of gold and silver from residues remaining after zinc manufacture, showed an anomalously high permeability to substitutional components and impurities, such as gold. To discover the cause of this high permeability, the volume diffusion of gold into nominally pure single crystals of iridium (single-Ir), annealed under ultrahigh and technical grade vacuums, UHV and TGV, respectively, was studied at temperatures from 1300 to 2000 K. The coefficients of volume diffusion of gold into single-Ir were measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry. The activation enthalpies measured for volume diffusion of the gold were:andin UHV and TGV, respectively, for annealing single-Ir. On annealing in TGV, interstitial impurities formed vacancy-impurity complexes (VICs). The binding energy of the VIC components (EVIC)Ir = (116 ± 16) kJ mol ^–1. In TGV, the gold diffusion was determined by ‘extrinsic’ vacancies dissociating from the VICs. At typical working temperatures for iridium the concentration of the ‘extrinsic’ vacancies was several thousand times larger than the concentration of the equilibrium ‘intrinsic’ vacancies. The ‘extrinsic’ vacancies are responsible for the high coefficient of volume diffusion and the corresponding anomalously high mass transfer of gold into iridium during TGV annealing.

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Mechanisms of Volume Diffusion of Gold into Single Crystal Iridium

Platinum Metals Review 50, 29 (2006); https://doi.org/10.1595/147106705X84412

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oa Mechanisms of Volume Diffusion of Gold into Single Crystal Iridium

EVIDENCE THAT VOLUME DIFFUSION, INTRINSIC OR EXTRINSIC, DEPENDS ON THE ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION WHICH OCCURS DURING ANNEALING OF SINGLE CRYSTAL IRIDIUM

Abstract

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