Skip to content
1887
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Johnson Matthey Technology Review
  4. Volume 64, Issue 3
  5. Article
Volume 64, Issue 3
  • ISSN: 2056-5135
file format pdf download PDF

Abstract

As public pressure to limit global warming continues to rise, governments, policy makers and regulators are looking for the most effective ways to achieve the target set by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to keep the global temperature increase to below 1.5°C above pre‐industrial levels. This will require the world to move to net zero greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 2050, and numerous governments have committed to reach net zero by this date, or even earlier. It is widely recognised that achieving net zero at the state, country and regional levels will necessitate a systems-wide approach across all the major sources of GHG emissions, which include power generation, transport, industrial processes and heating. Land use is also critical with billions of trees needing to be planted and a change in the amount of meat eaten. There is a growing realisation that hydrogen has a vital role to play, particularly to decarbonise sectors and applications that are otherwise extremely difficult to abate, such as industrial processes, heavy duty freight movement, dispatchable power generation and heating applications. Hydrogen will also provide long-term (for instance seasonal) energy storage, enabling much greater uptake of renewable power generation, which itself is a key prerequisite of the clean energy transition. Hydrogen can play a role in the decarbonisation of all major segments, and this means it can facilitate cross-sector coupling, enabling the exploitation of synergies between different key parts of the economy. This article discusses the different production routes to low and zero carbon hydrogen, and its uses across numerous applications to minimise and eliminate carbon dioxide and GHG emissions, building a picture of the key role that hydrogen will play in the energy transition and the broader global move towards decarbonisation and climate stabilisation. An overview of some of the ongoing and planned demonstration projects will be presented, outlining the importance of such activities in providing confidence that the hydrogen approach is the right one for multiple geographies around the world and that there are technologies that are ready to be deployed today.

© Johnson Matthey
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1595/205651320X15910225395383
2020-01-01
2024-12-31
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmtr/64/3/French_16a_Imp.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1595/205651320X15910225395383&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. “The Future of Hydrogen”, International Energy Agency, Paris, France, June, 2019 LINK https://www.iea.org/reports/the-future-of-hydrogen [Google Scholar]
  2. “Net Zero: Technical Report”, Committee on Climate Change, London, UK, 2nd May, 2019 LINK https://www.theccc.org.uk/publication/net-zero-technical-report/ [Google Scholar]
  3. “Global Warming of 1.5°C”, eds. V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, H.-O. Pörtner, D. Roberts, J. Skea, P. R. Shukla, A. Pirani, W. Moufouma-Okia, C. Péan, R. Pidcock, S. Connors, J. B. R. Matthews, Y. Chen, X. Zhou, M. I. Gomis, E. Lonnoy, T. Maycock, M. Tignor, T. Waterfield, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland, October, 2018 LINK https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/ [Google Scholar]
  4. “Global Carbon Budget”, Global Carbon Project, Canberra, Australia, 4th December, 2019 LINK https://www.globalcarbonproject.org/carbonbudget/19/presentation.htm [Google Scholar]
  5. ‘Global CO2 Emissions in 2019’, International Energy Agency, Paris, France, 11th February, 2020 LINK https://www.iea.org/articles/global-co2-emissions-in-2019 [Google Scholar]
  6. C. Skidmore, ‘UK Becomes First Major Economy to Pass Net Zero Emissions Law’, Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, The Stationery Office, London, UK, 27th June, 2019 LINK https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-becomes-first-major-economy-to-pass-net-zero-emissions-law [Google Scholar]
  7. B. Felix, ‘France Sets 2050 Carbon-Neutral Target with New Law’, Reuters, Paris, France, 27th June, 2019 LINK https://www.reuters.com/article/us-france-energy/france-sets-2050-carbon-neutral-target-with-new-law-idUSKCN1TS30B [Google Scholar]
  8. Net Zero Tracker, Energy & Climate Intelligence Unit, London, UK:https://eciu.net/netzerotracker (Accessed on 10th May 2020)
  9. K. Levin, C. Davis, ‘What Does “Net-Zero Emissions” Mean? 6 Common Questions, Answered’, World Resources Institute, Washington, USA, 17th September, 2019 LINK https://www.wri.org/blog/2019/09/what-does-net-zero-emissions-mean-6-common-questions-answered [Google Scholar]
  10. “Hydrogen, Scaling Up”, Hydrogen Council, Brussels, Belgium, November, 2017, p. 20 LINK https://hydrogencouncil.com/en/study-hydrogen-scaling-up/ [Google Scholar]
  11. “Pathways to Net-Zero: Decarbonising the Gas Networks in Great Britain”, Navigant Europe Ltd, London, UK, 21st October, 2019 LINK https://www.energynetworks.org/assets/files/gas/Navigant%20Pathways%20to%20Net-Zero.pdf [Google Scholar]
  12. “Future Energy Scenarios”, National Grid System Operator, Warwick, UK, July, 2018 LINK http://fes.nationalgrid.com/media/1363/fes-interactive-version-final.pdf [Google Scholar]
  13. ‘Investigation into 9 August 2019 Power Outage’, Ofgem, London, UK, August, 2019 LINK https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/publications-and-updates/investigation-9-august-2019-power-outage [Google Scholar]
  14. ‘Renewable Energy Now Accounts for a Third of Global Power Capacity’, International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2nd April, 2019 LINK https://www.irena.org/newsroom/pressreleases/2019/Apr/Renewable-Energy-Now-Accounts-for-a-Third-of-Global-Power-Capacity [Google Scholar]
  15. S. Evans, ‘Analysis: UK Renewables Generate More Electricity Than Fossil Fuels for First Time’, Carbon Brief, London, UK, 14th October, 2019 LINK https://www.carbonbrief.org/analysis-uk-renewables-generate-more-electricity-than-fossil-fuels-for-first-time [Google Scholar]
  16. “Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2018”, International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, May, 2019 LINK https://www.irena.org/publications/2019/May/Renewable-power-generation-costs-in-2018 [Google Scholar]
  17. “Renewable Power Generation Costs in 2017”, International Renewable Energy Agency, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, January, 2018 LINK https://www.irena.org/publications/2018/Jan/Renewable-power-generation-costs-in-2017 [Google Scholar]
  18. S. Henbest, M. Kimmel, E. Giannakopoulou, D. Kang, E. Zindler, A. Gandolfo, T. Brandily, I. Berryman, J. Callens, R. Chatterton, D. Hostert, A. Turner, V. Cuming, J. Sprinz, L. Goldie-Scot, J. Chase, T. Harries, S. Lu, B. Vickers, L. Sutter, “New Energy Outlook 2019”, Bloomberg New Energy Finance, New York, USA, 2019 LINK https://about.bnef.com/new-energy-outlook/ [Google Scholar]
  19. R. Tarkowski, Renew. Sust. Energy Rev., 2019, 105, 86 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2019.01.051 [Google Scholar]
  20. E. Mackres, ‘6 Lessons on Energy Decarbonization from Countries Leading the Way’, World Resources Institute, Washington, USA, 22nd January, 2020 LINK https://www.wri.org/blog/2020/01/6-lessons-energy-decarbonization-countries-leading-way [Google Scholar]
  21. ‘Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Transport in Europe’, European Environment Agency, Copenhagen, Denmark, 17th December, 2019 LINK https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/transport-emissions-of-greenhouse-gases/transport-emissions-of-greenhouse-gases-12 [Google Scholar]
  22. ‘Average CO2 Emissions from EU Cars Increase to 120.5 g/km’, DieselNet, Ecopoint Inc, Mississauga, Canada, 4th March, 2019 LINK https://dieselnet.com/news/2019/03jato.php [Google Scholar]
  23. N. Hill, G. Hilton, S. Morgan-Price, P. Weldon, “Zero Emission HGV Infrastructure Requirements”, Final Report for Committee on Climate Change, ED12387, Ricardo Energy & Environment, Harwell, UK, 15th May, 2019 LINK https://www.theccc.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/CCC-Zero-Emission-HGV-Infrastructure-Requirements-Ricardo-Energy-Environment.pdf [Google Scholar]
  24. Global Railway Review, Hydrogen Trains Benefits Noise Vibration Reduction:https://www.globalrailwayreview.com/article/93584/hydrogen-trains-benefits-noise-vibration-reduction/ (Accessed on 10th May 2020) [Google Scholar]
  25. L. Munuera, H. Fukui, “Tracking Energy Integration”, International Energy Agency, Paris, France, May, 2019 LINK https://www.iea.org/reports/tracking-energy-integration/hydrogen [Google Scholar]
  26. Hydrogen Applications,,Hydrogen Europe, Brussels, Belgium:https://hydrogeneurope.eu/hydrogen-applications (Accessed on 10th May 2020)
  27. ‘ENGIE Australia & New Zealand and Yara Take Green Hydrogen into the Factory’, ENGIE, Victoria, Australia:https://www.engie.com.au/news/engie-and-yara/ (Accessed on 10th May 2020) [Google Scholar]
  28. M. Matzen, M. Alhajji, Y. Demirel, J. Adv. Chem. Eng., 2015, 5, (3), 1000128 LINK https://www.longdom.org/open-access/technoeconomics-and-sustainability-of-renewable-methanol-andammonia-productions-using-wind-powerbased-hydrogen-2090-4568-1000128.pdf [Google Scholar]
  29. ‘George Olah CO2 to Renewable Methanol Plant, Reykjanes’, Chemicals Technology,Verdict Media Ltd, London, UK:https://www.chemicals-technology.com/projects/george-olah-renewable-methanol-plant-iceland/ (Accessed on 10th May 2020) [Google Scholar]
  30. ‘The Methanol Industry’, Methanol Institute, Singapore:https://www.methanol.org/the-methanol-industry/ (Accessed on 10th May 2020) [Google Scholar]
  31. Why HyDeploy?, Moving to Green Energy:https://hydeploy.co.uk/why-hydeploy/ (Accessed on 10th May 2020) [Google Scholar]
  32. ‘Watch our H21 Leeds City Gate Film’, Northern Gas Networks, Sunderland, UK, 12th July, 2016 LINK https://www.northerngasnetworks.co.uk/2016/07/12/watch-our-h21-leeds-city-gate-film/ [Google Scholar]
  33. P. E. Dodds, W. McDowall, Energy Policy, 2013, 60, 305 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2013.05.030 [Google Scholar]
  34. ‘National Grid HyDeploy Consortium Wins £7M OFGEM Funding for the UK Power-To-Gas’, ITM Power, Sheffield, UK, 30th November, 2016 LINK https://www.itm-power.com/item/43-national-grid-hydeploy-consortium-wins-7m-ofgem-funding-for-the-uk-power-to-gas [Google Scholar]
  35. ‘Innovations in the Built Environment’, Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, The Stationery Office, London, UK, 12th October, 2017 LINK https://www.gov.uk/guidance/innovations-in-the-built-environment [Google Scholar]
  36. ‘Enforcement Policy for the Replacement of Iron Gas Mains 2006–2013’, Health and Safety Executive, Bootle, UK, December, 2005 LINK https://www.hse.gov.uk/gas/supply/mainsreplacement/irongasmain.htm [Google Scholar]
  37. P. Millet, ‘Membrane Electrolysers for Hydrogen (H2) Production’, in “Advanced Membrane Science and Technology for Sustainable Energy and Environmental Applications”, eds. A. Basile, S. P. Nunes, Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy, Cambridge, UK, 2011, pp. 568–609 LINK https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857093790.4.568 [Google Scholar]
  38. S. Shiva Kumar, V. Himabindu, Mater. Sci. Energy Technol., 2019, 2, (3), 442 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mset.2019.03.002 [Google Scholar]
  39. I. Vincent, D. Bessarabov, Renew. Sust. Energy Rev., 2018, 81, (2), 1690 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.258 [Google Scholar]
  40. B. Cotton, ‘Clean Hydrogen. Part 1: Hydrogen from Natural Gas Through Cost Effective CO2 Capture’, The Chemical Engineer,Institution of Chemical Engineers, Rugby, UK, 15th March, 2019 LINK https://www.thechemicalengineer.com/features/clean-hydrogen-part-1-hydrogen-from-natural-gas-through-cost-effective-co2-capture/ [Google Scholar]
  41. “Path to Hydrogen Competitiveness: A Cost Perspective”, Hydrogen Council, Brussels, Belgium, 20th January, 2020 LINK https://hydrogencouncil.com/en/path-to-hydrogen-competitiveness-a-cost-perspective/ [Google Scholar]
  42. ‘H21 Leeds City Gate Report’, Northern Gas Networks, Leeds, UK, 6th July, 2016 LINK https://www.h21.green/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/H21-Leeds-City-Gate-Report.pdf [Google Scholar]
  43. ‘H21 North of England’, H21 NoE Report, Northern Gas Networks, Leeds, UK, 2018 LINK https://www.h21.green/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/H21-NoE-PRINT-PDF-FINAL-1.pdf [Google Scholar]
  44. “The Liverpool-Manchester Hydrogen Cluster: A Low Cost, Deliverable Project”, Cadent Gas Ltd, Coventry, UK, August, 2017 LINK https://hynet.co.uk/app/uploads/2018/05/Liverpool-Manchester-Hydrogen-Cluster-Technical-Report-Cadent.pdf [Google Scholar]
  45. ‘Hydrogen: A Business Opportunity for the North Sea Region’, Pale Blue Dot Energy, Glassel, UK, 5th September, 2019 LINK https://pale-blu.com/2019/09/05/hydrogen-a-business-opportunity-for-the-north-sea-region/ [Google Scholar]
  46. ‘Low Carbon Hydrogen Supply Competition (closed)’, Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, The Stationery Office, London, UK, 1st September, 2018 LINK https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/hydrogen-supply-competition [Google Scholar]
  47. “HyNet Low Carbon Hydrogen Plant”, Phase 1 Report for BEIS, Progressive Energy Ltd, Stonehouse, UK, 4th December, 2019 LINK https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/866401/HS384_-_Progressive_Energy_-_HyNet_hydrogen.pdf [Google Scholar]
  48. “Pale Blue Dot Energy - Acorn Hydrogen: Project Summary”, 10376BEIS-Rep-07-01, Pale Blue Dot Energy, Glassel, UK, October, 2019 LINK https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/866380/Phase_1_-_Pale_Blue_Dot_Energy_-_Acorn_Hydrogen.pdf [Google Scholar]
  49. ‘Zero Carbon Humber’, Drax Group Plc, Selby, UK:https://www.zerocarbonhumber.co.uk/ (Accessed on 3rd July 2020) [Google Scholar]
  50. ‘High Hopes for Hydrogen’, National Grid, London, UK, 4th February, 2020 LINK https://www.nationalgrid.com/high-hopes-hydrogen [Google Scholar]
  51. ‘Rotterdam Hydrogen Project H-vision: Blue Hydrogen for a Green Future’, Royal Vopak, Rotterdam, The Netherlands:https://www.vopak.com/rotterdam-hydrogen-project-h-vision-blue-hydrogen-green-future (Accessed on 10th May 2020) [Google Scholar]
  52. Nuon Magnum Power Plant, NS Energy, NS Media Group Ltd, London, UK:https://www.nsenergybusiness.com/projects/nuon-magnum-power-plant/ (Accessed on 10th May 2020)
  53. “Road Map to a US Hydrogen Economy”, Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Energy Association, Washington, USA:http://www.fchea.org/us-hydrogen-study (Accessed on 10th May 2020) [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1595/205651320X15910225395383
Loading
The Role of Zero and Low Carbon Hydrogen in Enabling the Energy Transition and the Path to Net Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions
Johnson Matthey Technology Review 64, 357 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1595/205651320X15910225395383
/content/journals/10.1595/205651320X15910225395383
/content/journals/10.1595/205651320X15910225395383
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test