Skip to content
1887
  1. Home
  2. A-Z Publications
  3. Johnson Matthey Technology Review
  4. Volume 65, Issue 2
  5. Article
Volume 65, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 2056-5135
file format pdf download PDF

Abstract

A flexible combined heat, power and fuel production concept, FlexCHX, is being developed for managing the seasonal mismatch between solar energy supply and the demand for heat and power characteristic of northern and central Europe. The process produces an intermediate energy carrier (Fischer-Tropsch (FT) hydrocarbon product), which can be refined to transportation fuels using existing refineries. The FlexCHX process can be integrated into various combined heat and power (CHP) production systems, both industrial CHPs and communal district heating units. In the summer season, renewable fuels are produced from biomass and hydrogen; the hydrogen is produced from water electrolysis that is driven by low-cost excess electricity from the grid. In the dark winter season, the plant is operated only with biomass in order to maximise the production of the much-needed heat, electricity and FT hydrocarbons. Most of the invested plant components are in full use throughout the year with only the electrolysis unit being operated seasonally. The catalytic reformer plays a key role in this process by converting tars and light hydrocarbon gases into synthesis gas (syngas) and by bringing the main gas constituents towards equilibrium. Developmental precious metal catalysts were used, and an optimal reformer concept was established and tested at pilot scale. Reforming results obtained at pilot gasification tests with commercial nickel catalysts and with the developed precious metal catalysts are presented.

© Johnson Matthey
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1595/205651321X16013744201583
2021-01-01
2024-12-26
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmtr/65/2/Steele_16a_Imp.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1595/205651321X16013744201583&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. I. Obernberger, G. Thek, ‘Combustion and Gasification of Solid Biomass for Heat and Power Production in Europe – State-of-the-Art and Relevant Future Developments’,8th European Conference on Industrial Furnaces and Boilers (INFUB 8),25th–28th March, 2008, Vilamoura, Portugal, CENERTEC, Rio Tinto, Portugal, 2008, 24 pp LINK https://www.bios-bioenergy.at/uploads/media/Paper-Obernberger-CHP-Overview-2008-03-18.pdf [Google Scholar]
  2. T. Savola, C.-J. Fogelholm, Energy Convers. Manag., 2006, 47, (18–19), 3105 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2006.03.005 [Google Scholar]
  3. G. Papaefthymiou, K. Dragoon, Energy Policy, 2016, 92, 69 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2016.01.025 [Google Scholar]
  4. K. Helin, J. Jääskeläinen, S. Syri, ‘Energy Security Impacts of Decreasing CHP Capacity in Finland’,15th International Conference on the European Energy Market (EEM),Lodz, Poland,27th–29th June, 2018, IEEE Piscataway, USA, 5 pp LINK https://doi.org/10.1109/EEM.2018.8469786 [Google Scholar]
  5. A. Aslani, M. Naaranoja, P. Helo, E. Antila, E. Hiltunen, Int. J. Sustain. Energy, 2013, 32, (5), 504 LINK https://doi.org/10.1080/14786451.2013.766612 [Google Scholar]
  6. I. Landälv, ‘Demonstration Plants for Advanced Biofuels Production Based on Thermochemical Pathways – Status and Reflections’,Proceedings of the 21st European Biomass Conference, 3rd–7th June, 2013, Copenhagen, Denmark,ETA-Florence Renewable Energies, Florence, Italy, 2013 [Google Scholar]
  7. E. Voegele, ‘Neste Oil, Stora Enso Shelve Plans for Renewable Diesel Plant’,Biomass Magazine, Grand Forks, USA, 22nd August, 2012 LINK http://biomassmagazine.com/articles/7962/neste-oil-stora-enso-shelve-plans-for-renewable-diesel-plant [Google Scholar]
  8. I. Hannula, E. Kurkela, “Liquid Transportation Fuels via Large-Scale Fluidised-Bed Gasification of Lignocellulosic Biomass”,VTT, Espoo, Finland, 2013, 126 pp LINK http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/technology/2013/T91.pdf [Google Scholar]
  9. M. Hedenskog, ‘GoBiGas: Experiences from the Initial Operation’,Göteborg Energi, Göteborg, Sweden, 19th October, 2016 LINK https://energiforskmedia.blob.core.windows.net/media/21800/gobigas_internationalseminariegasification_161020_mh.pdf [Google Scholar]
  10. V. Eveloy, T. Gebreegziabher, Energies, 2018, 11, (7), 1824 LINK https://doi.org/10.3390/en11071824 [Google Scholar]
  11. M. Götz, J. Lefebvre, F. Mörs, A. McDaniel Koch, F. Graf, S. Bajohr, R. Reimert, T. Kolb, Renew. Energy, 2016, 85, 1371 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.07.066 [Google Scholar]
  12. I. Hannula, Energy, 2016, 104, 199 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.03.119 [Google Scholar]
  13. I. Hannula, ‘Synthetic Fuels and Light Olefins from Biomass Residues, Carbon Dioxide and Electricity: Performance and Cost Analysis’, Doctoral Dissertation, School of Engineering, Aalto University, Otaniemi, Finland, VTT, Espoo, Finland, 16th October, 2015, 166 pp LINK http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/science/2015/S107.pdf [Google Scholar]
  14. E. Kurkela, P. Simell, P. McKeough, M. Kurkela, ‘Synthesis Gas and Manufacture of Flue Gas’,VTT Publications 682, VTT, Espoo, Finland, 2008, 64 pp (in Finnish) LINK http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/publications/2008/P682.pdf [Google Scholar]
  15. E. Kurkela, M. Kurkela, I. Hiltunen, Fuel Process. Technol., 2016, 141, (1), 148 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.06.005 [Google Scholar]
  16. E. Kurkela, M. Kurkela, S. Tuomi, C. Frilund, I. Hiltunen, ”Efficient Use of Biomass Residues for Combined Production of Transport Fuels and Heat”, Report No. 347, VTT, Espoo, Finland, 2019, 57 pp LINK https://doi.org/10.32040/2242-122X.2019.T347 [Google Scholar]
  17. E. Kurkela, S. Tuomi, M. Kurkela, I. Hiltunen, “Flexible Hybrid Process for Combined Production of Heat, Power and Renewable Feedstock for Refineries”,27th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition (EUBCE 2019), ETA-Florence Renewable Energies,Florence, Italy, 2019, pp. 539–543 LINK https://doi.org/10.5071/27thEUBCE2019-2BO.10.1 [Google Scholar]
  18. E. Kurkela, ‘FLEXCHX Develops Flexible Combined Production of Power, Heat and Transport Fuels from Renewable Energy Sources’,Bioenergy,Spring/Summer, Issue 11, 2019, pp. 5–6 LINK http://www.eera-bioenergy.eu/wp-content/uploads/pdf/EERABioenergyNewsletterIssue11.pdf [Google Scholar]
  19. E. Kurkela, P. Ståhlberg, P. Simell, J. Leppälahti, Biomass, 1989, 19, (1-2), 37 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/0144-4565(89)90004-8 [Google Scholar]
  20. E. Kurkela, P. Simell, P. Ståhlberg, G. Berna, F. Barbagli, I. Haavisto, “Development of Novel Fixed-Bed Gasification for Biomass Residues and Agrobiofuels”, VTT Research Notes No. 2059, VTT, Espoo, Finland, 2000, 45 pp LINK https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/development-of-novel-fixed-bed-gasification-for-biomass-residues- [Google Scholar]
  21. P. Simell, I. Hannula, S. Tuomi, M. Nieminen, E. Kurkela, I. Hiltunen, N. Kaisalo, J. Kihlman, Biomass Convers. Biorefin., 2014, 4, (4), 357 LINK https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-014-0121-y [Google Scholar]
  22. E. Kurkela, I. Hiltunen, ‘Method and Apparatus for Removing Impurities from Gasification Gas and Use’,FinnishPatent Appl. IN19043 P-FI119906T
  23. N. Kaisalo, J. Kihlman, I. Hannula, P. Simell, Fuel, 2015, 147, 208 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2015.01.056 [Google Scholar]
  24. P. Ståhlberg, M. Lappi, E. Kurkela, P. Simell, P. Oesch, M. Nieminen, “Sampling of Contaminants from Product Gases of Biomass Gasifiers”, VTT Research Notes 1903, VTT, Espoo, Finland, 1998, 95 pp LINK https://www.vttresearch.com/sites/default/files/pdf/tiedotteet/1998/T1903.pdf [Google Scholar]
  25. ‘Biomass Gasification – Tar and Particles in Product Gases – Sampling and Analysis’, Technical Specification CEN/BT/TF 143, CEN-CENELEC, Brussels, Belgium, October, 2004, 41 pp LINK http://www.eeci.net/results/pdf/CEN-Tar-Standard-draft-version-2_1-new-template-version-05-11-04.pdf [Google Scholar]
  26. C. Frilund, P. Simell, E. Kurkela, P. Eskelinen, Energy Fuels, 2020, 34, (3), 3326 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b04277 [Google Scholar]
  27. E. Kurkela, M. Kurkela, I. Hiltunen, Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy, 2014, 33, (3), 681 LINK https://doi.org/10.1002/ep.12003 [Google Scholar]
  28. W. Mojtahedi, E. Kurkela, M. Nieminen, J. Inst. Energy, 1990, 63, (456), 95 LINK https://cris.vtt.fi/en/publications/release-of-sodium-and-potassium-in-the-pfb-gasification-of-peat [Google Scholar]
  29. E. Kurkela, ‘Formation and Removal of Biomass-Derived Contaminants in Fluidized-Bed Gasification Processes’, Licentiate Thesis, Jyväskylä University, Finland, VTT, Espoo, Finland, 1996, 141 pp [Google Scholar]
  30. J. Hepola, P. Simell, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 1997, 14, (3–4), 287 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-3373(97)00031-3 [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1595/205651321X16013744201583
Loading
Flexible Hybrid Process for Combined Production of Heat, Power and Renewable Feedstock for Refineries
Johnson Matthey Technology Review 65, 333 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1595/205651321X16013744201583
/content/journals/10.1595/205651321X16013744201583
/content/journals/10.1595/205651321X16013744201583
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article

Most Cited Most Cited RSS feed

This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test