Skip to content
1887
Volume 67, Issue 3
  • ISSN: 2056-5135

Abstract

Additive manufacturing of jewellery alloys has been actively investigated for the past 10 years. Limited studies have been conducted on gold and platinum jewellery alloys. Platinum is of increased interest due to the technological challenges in investment casting. In the present paper, typical platinum jewellery alloys have been tested by laser track experiments on sheet materials. The effect of alloy composition on width and depth of the laser tracks was studied by metallography. Optimum parameters of the laser powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) process were determined for a typical 950Pt jewellery alloy by the preparation of dedicated test samples. Densities of >99.8% were reached for a wide range of processing parameters. However, for real jewellery parts the resulting density was found to depend significantly on the part geometry and on the chosen support structure. The supports must take into account the geometrical orientation of the part relative to the laser build direction and the orientation on the build plate. Local overheating gives rise to porosity in these areas. Therefore, the supports play an important role in thermal management and must be optimised for each part. The design of suitable supports was successfully demonstrated for a typical jewellery ring sample.

Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1595/205651323X16691084445762
2022-11-22
2024-05-17
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmtr/67/3/Klotz_16a_Imp.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1595/205651323X16691084445762&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. Zito D., Carlotto A., Loggi A., Bortolamei S., Molinari A., and Cristofolini I. ‘Latest Developments in Selective Laser Melting Production of Gold Jewelry’, in 26th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, 20th–23rd May, 2012, pp. 537562 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2012-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2012-latest-developments-in-selective-laser-melting-production-of-gold-jewelry [Google Scholar]
  2. Zito D., Carlotto A., Loggi A., Sbornicchia P., Maggian D., Fockele M., Unterberg P., Molinari A., and Cristofolini I. ‘Optimization of the Main Selective Laser Melting Technology Parameters in the Production of Precious Metal Jewelry’, in 27th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, May, 2013, pp. 120 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2013-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2013-optimization-of-the-main-selective-laser-melting-technology-parameters-in-the-production-of-precious-metal-jewelry [Google Scholar]
  3. Zito D., Carlotto A., Sbornicchia P., Molinari A., Cristofolini I., Unterberg P., and Fockele M. ‘Optimization of SLM Technology Main Parameters in the Production of Gold and Platinum Jewelry’, in 28th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, USA, 18th–21st May, 2014, pp. 439469 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2014-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2014-optimization-of-slm-technology-main-parameters-in-the-production-of-gold-and-platinum-jewelry [Google Scholar]
  4. Zito D., Carlotto A., Loggi A., Sbornicchia P., Bruttomesso D., and Rappo S. ‘Definition and Solidity of Gold and Platinum Jewelry Produced Using Selective Laser Melting (SLMTM) Technology’, in 29th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, May, 2015, pp. 455491 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2015-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2015-definition-and-solidity-of-gold-and-platinum-jewelry-produced-using-selective-laser-melting-slm-technology [Google Scholar]
  5. Zito D., Allodia V., Sbornicchia P., Rappo S., and Fiorese L. ‘Direct 3D Metal Printing: A Trip through New Opportunities and Innovative Alloys’, in 30th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, May, 2016, pp. 473514 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2016-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2016-direct-3d-metal-printing-a-trip-through-new-opportunities-and-innovative-alloys [Google Scholar]
  6. Zito D., Allodia V., Trevisan F., Rossini M. G. M., Rossini A., and Mazza M. ‘Potential and Innovation of the Selective Laser Melting Technique in Platinum Jewelry Production’, in 32nd The Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, May, 2018, pp. 625684 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2018-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2018-potential-and-innovation-of-the-selective-laser-melting-slm-technique-in-platinum-jewelry-production [Google Scholar]
  7. Zito D., and Progold SPA ‘Use of Gold Powder Alloys for Manufacturing Jewellery Items by Selective Laser Melting’, US Patent 10,638,819; 2020 [Google Scholar]
  8. Zito D., Saccardo E., Sbornicchia P., Allodia V., and Arque G. A. C. ‘Innovative Printing Strategy for High-Resolution Jewelry Production by Selective Laser Melting’, in 2022 Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, May, 2022, pp. 629666 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2022-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2022-innovative-printing-strategy-for-high-resolution-jewelry-production-by-selective-laser-melting [Google Scholar]
  9. Klotz U. E., Tiberto D., and Held F. Gold Bull., 2017, 50, (2), 111 LINK https://doi.org/10.1007/s13404-017-0201-4 [Google Scholar]
  10. Klotz U. E., Tiberto D., and Held F. J. Galvanotechnik, 2019, 110, (8), 1436 [Google Scholar]
  11. Fletcher D., and Cooper F. ‘The Precious Project: Polishing and Finishing of Additive Manufacturing (AM) Jewelry’, in 2018 Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, May, 2018, pp. 211234 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2018-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2018-precious-project-polishing-and-finishing-additive-manufacturing-am-jewelry [Google Scholar]
  12. Ghasemi-Tabasi H., Jhabvala J., Boillat E., Ivas T., Drissi-Daoudi R., and Logé R. E. Addit. Manuf., 2020, 36, 101496 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2020.101496 [Google Scholar]
  13. Pogliani C., and Albertin A. ‘Case Study of Problems and Their Solutions for Making Quality Jewelry Using Selective Laser Melting (SLM) Technology’, in 30th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, May, 2016, pp. 431458 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2016-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2016-case-study-of-problems-and-their-solutions-for-making-quality-jewelry-using-selective-laser-melting-slm-technology [Google Scholar]
  14. Strauss J., ‘Additive Manufacturing of Precious Metals’, in “ASM Handbook: Additive Manufacturing Processes”, eds. Bourell D. L., Frazier W., Kuhn H., and Seifi M. 24, ASM International, Materials Park, USA, 2020 LINK https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v24.a0006556 [Google Scholar]
  15. Laag T., and Heinrich J. ‘Advantages and Challenges of Platinum Group Metals Powder Processing’, in 2018 Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Met-Chem Research, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, May, 2018, pp. 327343 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2018-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2018-powder-processing-of-platinum-group-metals-advantages-and-challenges [Google Scholar]
  16. Klotz U. E., and Drago T. Platinum Metals Rev., 2011, 55, (1), 20 LINK https://doi.org/10.1595/147106711x540373 [Google Scholar]
  17. Heiss T., Klotz U. E., and Tiberto D. Johnson Matthey Technol. Rev., 2015, 59, (2), 95 LINK https://doi.org/10.1595/205651315x687399 [Google Scholar]
  18. Klotz U. E., Heiss T., and Tiberto D. Johnson Matthey Technol. Rev., 2015, 59, (2), 129 LINK https://doi.org/10.1595/205651315x687515 [Google Scholar]
  19. Klotz U. E., Tiberto D., and Held F. ‘Additive Manufacturing of 18-Karat Yellow-Gold Alloys’, in 30th Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, May, 2016, pp. 255272 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2016-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2016-additive-manufacturing-of-18karat-yellow-gold-alloys-1 [Google Scholar]
  20. Patel S., and Vlasea M. Materialia, 2020, 9, 100591 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2020.100591 [Google Scholar]
  21. Fotovvati B., Wayne S. F., Lewis G., and Asadi E. Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2018, 4920718 LINK https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4920718 [Google Scholar]
  22. Held F. J., and Klotz U. E. ‘Effect of Material Properties and Process Parameters in Powder Bed Additive Manufacturing’, in 2022 Santa Fe Symposium on Jewelry Manufacturing Technology, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, May 2022, pp. 233262 LINK https://www.santafesymposium.org/2022-santa-fe-symposium-papers/2022-effect-of-material-properties-and-process-parameters-in-powder-bed-additive-manufacturing [Google Scholar]
  23. Li Z., Yu G., He X., Li S., Tian C., and Dong B. Opt. Laser Technol., 2020, 123, 105914 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.optlastec.2019.105914 [Google Scholar]
  24. Fabbro R. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 2010, 43, (44), 445501 LINK https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/43/44/445501 [Google Scholar]
  25. King W. E., Barth H. D., Castillo V. M., Gallegos G. F., Gibbs J. W., Hahn D. E., Kamath C., and Rubenchik A. M. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2014, 214, (12), 2915 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.06.005 [Google Scholar]
  26. Rubenchik A. M., King W. E., and Wu S. S. J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2018, 257, 234 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2018.02.034 [Google Scholar]
  27. Mehmood S., Klotz U. E., and Pottlacher G. Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2012, 43, (13), 5029 LINK https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-012-1319-x [Google Scholar]
  28. Mehmood S., Klotz U. E., Pottlacher G., Verhulst D. E., Anyalebechi P. N., and Pomykala J. A. ‘Thermophysical Properties of the Platinum-Copper System’, EPD Congress, San Diego, USA, 27th February–3rd March, 2011, eds. Monteiro S. N., John Wiley & Sons Inc, Hoboken, USA, 2011, pp. 167173 LINK https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118495285.ch21 [Google Scholar]
  29. Klotz U. E., and Plevachuk Y. High Temp. High Press., 2016, 45, (1), 3 LINK http://www.oldcitypublishing.com/journals/hthp-home/hthp-issue-contents/hthp-volume-45-number-1-2016/hthp-45-1-p-3-20/ [Google Scholar]
  30. Plevachuk Y., Mudry S., Sklyarchuk V., Yakymovych A., Korolyshyn A., Shtablavyy I., Kulyk Y., Klotz U. E., Liu C., and Leinenbach C. Int. J. Mater. Res., 2009, 100, (5), 689 LINK https://doi.org/10.3139/146.110086 [Google Scholar]
  31. Plevachuk Y., Mudry S., Sklyarchuk V., Yakymovych A., Klotz U. E., and Roth M. J. Mater. Sci., 2007, 42, (20), 8618 LINK https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-007-1821-5 [Google Scholar]
  32. Moser Z. J. Phase Equilibria, 1991, 12, (4), 439 LINK https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02645964 [Google Scholar]
  33. Staiger R. ‘Einfluss der Prozessparameter und er Werkstoffeigenschaften bei der Additiven Fertigung von Metallischen Werkstoffen’, Bachelor Thesis, HFU Hochschule Furtwangen University, Furtwangen, Germany, 2019 [Google Scholar]
  34. Gong H., Rafi K., Gu H., Starr T., and Stucker B. Addit. Manuf., 2014, 14, 87 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2014.08.002 [Google Scholar]
  35. Tang M., Pistorius P. C., and Beuth J. L. Addit. Manuf., 2017, 14, 39 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2016.12.001 [Google Scholar]
http://instance.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1595/205651323X16691084445762
Loading
/content/journals/10.1595/205651323X16691084445762
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Research Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error