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Volume 69, Issue 4
  • ISSN: 2056-5135
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Abstract

In power grid modernisation, optimal network use is essential to preserving acceptable voltage profiles, boosting voltage stability, reducing power losses, and strengthening system security and dependability. This can be accomplished by strategically placing reactive power compensation devices within transmission and distribution networks, such as capacitor banks, synchronous condensers, flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices and custom power devices. The optimal location and size of these devices are essential for effective investment, but previous research has mostly concentrated on a variety of methods for this goal, using different indices to evaluate power loss, voltage stability, voltage profile and line loadability. Despite these initiatives, there is still a lack of a thorough analysis of how current indices and methodologies are applied to all varieties of reactive power compensation devices. This paper offers a detailed literature review on the ideal placement and sizing of these devices, encompassing analytical, conventional and hybrid-based techniques. It discusses key objectives such as power loss reduction, voltage deviation (VD) mitigation, voltage stability enhancement and improvements in system reliability and security. Additionally, the paper examines the relevance of reactive power for stakeholders, including transmission system operators (TSOs), distribution system operators (DSOs) and power generating companies, and explores the mathematical modelling of optimal reactive power dispatch (ORPD), considering the impact of renewable energy sources (RESs) and the role of FACTS devices.

© 2025 Johnson Matthey
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2025-07-19
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/content/journals/10.1595/205651325X17458327898748
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Reactive Power Observability for Improved Voltage Stability and Loadability: A Detailed Review
Johnson Matthey Technology Review 69, 503 (2025); https://doi.org/10.1595/205651325X17458327898748
/content/journals/10.1595/205651325X17458327898748
/content/journals/10.1595/205651325X17458327898748
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  • Article Type: Review Article
Keyword(s): minimisation of power losses; multi-objective optimisation; optimal reactive power dispatch; reactive power compensation; renewable energy sources

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