Skip to content
1887
Volume 68, Issue 4
  • ISSN: 2056-5135

Abstract

In this article, we will examine ultrafast spectroscopy techniques and applications, covering time-resolved infrared (TR-IR) spectroscopy, time resolved visible (TA) spectroscopy, two-dimensional infrared (2D-IR) spectroscopy, Kerr-gated Raman spectroscopy, time-resolved Raman and surface sum-frequency generation (SSFG) spectroscopy. In addition to introducing each technique, we will cover some basics, such as what kinds of lasers are used and discuss how these techniques are applied to study a diversity of chemical problems such as photocatalysis, photochemistry, electrocatalysis, battery electrode characterisation, zeolite characterisation and protein structural dynamics.

This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Loading

Article metrics loading...

/content/journals/10.1595/205651324X17092043851525
2024-10-01
2024-12-03
Loading full text...

Full text loading...

/deliver/fulltext/jmtr/68/4/Donaldson_16b_Imp.html?itemId=/content/journals/10.1595/205651324X17092043851525&mimeType=html&fmt=ahah

References

  1. R. Wilbrandt, , W. E. L. Grossman, , P. M. Killough, , J. E. Bennett, , R. E. Hester, , J. Phys. Chem., 1984, 88, (24), 5964 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/j150668a044
    [Google Scholar]
  2. P. Matousek, , A. W. Parker, , W. T. Toner, , M. Towrie, , D. L. A. de Faria, , R. E. Hester, , J. N. Moore, , Chem. Phys. Lett., 1995, 237, (3–4), 373 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(95)00324-w
    [Google Scholar]
  3. I. K. Lednev, , Q. T.-Ye, , P. Matousek, , M. Towrie, , P. Foggi, , F. V. R. Neuwahl, , S. Umapathy, , R. E. Hester, , J. N. Moore, , Chem. Phys. Lett., 1998, 290, (1–3), 68 LINK https://doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2614(98)00490-4
    [Google Scholar]
  4. R. A. Kaindl, , M. Wurm, , K. Reimann, , P. Hamm, , A. M. Weiner, , M. Woerner, , J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 2000, 17, (12), 2086 LINK https://doi.org/10.1364/josab.17.002086
    [Google Scholar]
  5. P. Hamm, , S. Wiemann, , M. Zurek, , W. Zinth, , Opt. Lett., 1994, 19, (20), 1642 LINK https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.19.001642
    [Google Scholar]
  6. M. Towrie, , D. C. Grills, , J. Dyer, , J. A. Weinstein, , P. Matousek, , R. Barton, , P. D. Bailey, , N. Subramaniam, , W. M. Kwok, , C. Ma, , D. Phillips, , A. W. Parker, , M. W. George, , Appl. Spectrosc., 2003, 57, (4), 367 LINK https://doi.org/10.1366/00037020360625899
    [Google Scholar]
  7. G. M. Greetham, , P. Burgos, , Q. Cao, , I. P. Clark, , P. S. Codd, , R. C. Farrow, , M. W. George, , M. Kogimtzis, , P. Matousek, , A. W. Parker, , M. R. Pollard, , D. A. Robinson, , J. Z.-Xin, , M. Towrie, , Appl. Spectrosc., 2010, 64, (12), 1311 LINK https://doi.org/10.1366/000370210793561673
    [Google Scholar]
  8. G. M. Greetham, , P. M. Donaldson, , C. Nation, , I. V. Sazanovich, , I. P. Clark, , D. J. Shaw, , A. W. Parker, , M. Towrie, , Appl. Spectrosc., 2016, 70, (4), 645 LINK https://doi.org/10.1177/0003702816631302
    [Google Scholar]
  9. P. M. Donaldson, , G. M. Greetham, , D. J. Shaw, , A. W. Parker, , M. Towrie, , J. Phys. Chem. A, 2018, 122, (3), 780 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.7b10259
    [Google Scholar]
  10. P. M. Donaldson, , G. M. Greetham, , C. T. Middleton, , B. M. Luther, , M. T. Zanni, , P. Hamm, , A. T. Krummel, , Acc. Chem. Res., 2023, 56, (15), 2062 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.3c00152
    [Google Scholar]
  11. M. Towrie, , A. Gabrielsson, , P. Matousek, , A. W. Parker, , A. M. B. Rodriguez, , A. Vlček, , Appl. Spectrosc., 2005, 59, (4), 467 LINK https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702053641397
    [Google Scholar]
  12. J. Bredenbeck, , J. Helbing, , P. Hamm, , Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2004, 75, (11), 4462 LINK https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1793891
    [Google Scholar]
  13. F. Ding, , P. Mukherjee, , M. T. Zanni, , Opt. Lett., 2006, 31, (19), 2918 LINK https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.31.002918
    [Google Scholar]
  14. H. S.-Shim, , M. T. Zanni, , Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2009, 11, (5), 748 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/b813817f
    [Google Scholar]
  15. J. Réhault, , M. Maiuri, , A. Oriana, , G. Cerullo, , Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2014, 85, (12), 123107 LINK https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4902938
    [Google Scholar]
  16. J. Réhault, , M. Maiuri, , C. Manzoni, , D. Brida, , J. Helbing, , G. Cerullo, , Opt. Express, 2014, 22, (8), 9063 LINK https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.22.009063
    [Google Scholar]
  17. B. M. Luther, , K. M. Tracy, , M. Gerrity, , S. Brown, , A. T. Krummel, , Opt. Express, 2016, 24, (4), 4117 LINK https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.24.004117
    [Google Scholar]
  18. P. B. Petersen, , A. Tokmakoff, , Opt. Lett., 2010, 35, (12), 1962 LINK https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.35.001962
    [Google Scholar]
  19. R. Budriūnas, , K. Jurkus, , M. Vengris, , A. Varanavičius, , Opt. Express, 2022, 30, (8), 13009 LINK https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.455180
    [Google Scholar]
  20. J. H. Hack, , N. H. C. Lewis, , W. B. Carpenter, , A. Tokmakoff, , Opt. Lett., 2023, 48, (4), 960 LINK https://doi.org/10.1364/ol.481088
    [Google Scholar]
  21. N. Gross, , C. T. Kuhs, , B. Ostovar, , Y. W.-Chiang, , K. S. Wilson, , T. S. Volek, , Z. M. Faitz, , C. C. Carlin, , J. A. Dionne, , M. T. Zanni, , M. Gruebele, , S. T. Roberts, , S. Link, , C. F. Landes, , J. Phys. Chem. C, 2023, 127, (30), 14557 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c02091
    [Google Scholar]
  22. Y. Zhu, , X. J.-Cheng, , J. Chem. Phys., 2020, 152, (2), 020901 LINK https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5129123
    [Google Scholar]
  23. G. M. Greetham, , D. Sole, , I. P. Clark, , A. W. Parker, , M. R. Pollard, , M. Towrie, , Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2012, 83, (10), 103107 LINK https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4758999
    [Google Scholar]
  24. D. R. Glowacki, , R. A. Rose, , S. J. Greaves, , A. J. Orr-Ewing, , J. N. Harvey, , Nat. Chem., 2011, 3, (11), 850 LINK https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.1154
    [Google Scholar]
  25. S. J. Greaves, , R. A. Rose, , T. A. A. Oliver, , D. R. Glowacki, , M. N. R. Ashfold, , J. N. Harvey, , I. P. Clark, , G. M. Greetham, , A. W. Parker, , M. Towrie, , A. J. Orr-Ewing, , Science, 2011, 331, (6023), 1423 LINK https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1197796
    [Google Scholar]
  26. C. Shih, , A. K. Museth, , M. Abrahamsson, , A. M. Blanco-Rodriguez, , A. J. Di Bilio, , J. Sudhamsu, , B. R. Crane, , K. L. Ronayne, , M. Towrie, , A. Vlček, , J. H. Richards, , J. R. Winkler, , H. B. Gray, , Science, 2008, 320, (5884), 1760 LINK https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1158241
    [Google Scholar]
  27. L. M. Uriarte, , R. Vitale, , S. Niziński, , K. Hadjidemetriou, , N. Zala, , A. Lukacs, , G. M. Greetham, , I. V. Sazanovich, , M. Weik, , C. Ruckebusch, , S. R. Meech, , M. Sliwa, , J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2022, 13, (5), 1194 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02920
    [Google Scholar]
  28. S. P. Laptenok, , A. A. Gil, , C. R. Hall, , A. Lukacs, , J. N. Iuliano, , G. A. Jones, , G. M. Greetham, , P. Donaldson, , A. Miyawaki, , P. J. Tonge, , S. R. Meech, , Nat. Chem., 2018, 10, (8), 845 LINK https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-018-0073-0
    [Google Scholar]
  29. G. W. Doorley, , D. A. McGovern, , M. W. George, , M. Towrie, , A. W. Parker, , J. M. Kelly, , S. J. Quinn, , Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2008, 48, (1), 123 LINK https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200803904
    [Google Scholar]
  30. A. W. Parker, , C. Y. Lin, , M. W. George, , M. Towrie, , M. K. Kuimova, , J. Phys. Chem. B, 2010, 114, (10), 3660 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9106958
    [Google Scholar]
  31. P. M. Keane, , K. O’Sullivan, , F. E. Poynton, , B. C. Poulsen, , I. V. Sazanovich, , M. Towrie, , C. J. Cardin, , Z. X.-Sun, , M. W. George, , T. Gunnlaugsson, , S. J. Quinn, , J. M. Kelly, , Chem. Sci., 2020, 11, (32), 8600 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/d0sc02413a
    [Google Scholar]
  32. J. P. Hall, , F. E. Poynton, , P. M. Keane, , S. P. Gurung, , J. A. Brazier, , D. J. Cardin, , G. Winter, , T. Gunnlaugsson, , I. V. Sazanovich, , M. Towrie, , C. J. Cardin, , J. M. Kelly, , S. J. Quinn, , Nat. Chem., 2015, 7, (12), 961 LINK https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2369
    [Google Scholar]
  33. L. A. Hammarback, , B. J. Aucott, , J. T. W. Bray, , I. P. Clark, , M. Towrie, , A. Robinson, , I. J. S. Fairlamb, , J. M. Lynam, , J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2021, 143, (3), 1356 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.0c10409
    [Google Scholar]
  34. L. A. Hammarback, , I. P. Clark, , I. V. Sazanovich, , M. Towrie, , A. Robinson, , F. Clarke, , S. Meyer, , I. J. S. Fairlamb, , J. M. Lynam, , Nat. Catal., 2018, 1, (11), 830 LINK https://doi.org/10.1038/s41929-018-0145-y
    [Google Scholar]
  35. N. Põldme, , L. O’Reilly, , I. Fletcher, , J. Portoles, , I. V. Sazanovich, , M. Towrie, , C. Long, , J. G. Vos, , M. T. Pryce, , E. A. Gibson, , Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, (1), 99 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/c8sc02575d
    [Google Scholar]
  36. A. A. Cullen, , K. Heintz, , L. O’Reilly, , C. Long, , A. Heise, , R. Murphy, , J. Karlsson, , E. Gibson, , G. M. Greetham, , M. Towrie, , M. T. Pryce, , Front. Chem., 2020, 8, 584060 LINK https://doi.org/10.3389/fchem.2020.584060
    [Google Scholar]
  37. J. B. Eastwood, , L. A. Hammarback, , M. T. McRobie, , I. P. Clark, , M. Towrie, , I. J. S. Fairlamb, , J. M. Lynam, , Dalt. Trans., 2020, 49, (17), 5463 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/c9dt04878b
    [Google Scholar]
  38. A. Bhattacherjee, , M. Sneha, , L. Lewis-Borrell, , G. Amoruso, , T. A. A. Oliver, , J. Tyler, , I. P. Clark, , A. J. Orr-Ewing, , J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2021, 143, (9), 3613 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c00279
    [Google Scholar]
  39. A. Bhattacherjee, , M. Sneha, , L. Lewis-Borrell, , O. Tau, , I. P. Clark, , A. J. Orr-Ewing, , Nat. Commun., 2019, 10, 5152 LINK https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-13154-w
    [Google Scholar]
  40. S. Maiti, , S. Mitra, , C. A. Johnson, , K. C. Gronborg, , S. Garrett-Roe, , P. M. Donaldson, , J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2022, 13, (34), 8104 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c01457
    [Google Scholar]
  41. H. J. Bakker, , J. L. Skinner, , Chem. Rev., 2010, 110, (3), 1498 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/cr9001879
    [Google Scholar]
  42. P. M. Donaldson, , Anal. Chem., 2022, 94, (51), 17988 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04287
    [Google Scholar]
  43. G. M. Greetham, , I. P. Clark, , B. Young, , R. Fritsch, , L. Minnes, , N. T. Hunt, , M. Towrie, , Appl. Spectrosc., 2020, 74, (6), 720 LINK https://doi.org/10.1177/0003702820913636
    [Google Scholar]
  44. C. P. Howe, , G. M. Greetham, , B. Procacci, , A. W. Parker, , N. T. Hunt, , J. Phys. Chem. B, 2023, 127, (7), 1586 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08709
    [Google Scholar]
  45. A. P. Hawkins, , A. E. Edmeades, , C. D. M. Hutchison, , M. Towrie, , R. F. Howe, , G. M. Greetham, , P. M. Donaldson, , Chem. Sci., 2024, 15, (10), 3453 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/D3SC06128K
    [Google Scholar]
  46. P. Hamm, , M. Zanni, , “Concepts and Methods of 2D Infrared Spectroscopy”, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 2011 LINK https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511675935
    [Google Scholar]
  47. P. Hamm, , M. Lim, , R. M. Hochstrasser, , J. Phys. Chem. B, 1998, 102, (31), 6123 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9813286
    [Google Scholar]
  48. A. Ghosh, , J. S. Ostrander, , M. T. Zanni, , Chem. Rev., 2017, 117, (16), 10726 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00582
    [Google Scholar]
  49. S. T. Roberts, , K. Ramasesha, , A. Tokmakoff, , Acc. Chem. Res., 2009, 42, (9), 1239 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/ar900088g
    [Google Scholar]
  50. M. D. Fayer, , D. E. Moilanen, , D. Wong, , D. E. Rosenfeld, , E. E. Fenn, , S. Park, , Acc. Chem. Res., 2009, 42, (9), 1210 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/ar900043h
    [Google Scholar]
  51. P. M. Donaldson, , Chem. Sci., 2020, 11, (33), 8862 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/d0sc02978e
    [Google Scholar]
  52. S. Hume, , G. Hithell, , G. M. Greetham, , P. M. Donaldson, , M. Towrie, , A. W. Parker, , M. J. Baker, , N. T. Hunt, , Chem. Sci., 2019, 10, (26), 6448 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sc01590f
    [Google Scholar]
  53. R. Fritzsch, , P. M. Donaldson, , G. M. Greetham, , M. Towrie, , A. W. Parker, , M. J. Baker, , N. T. Hunt, , Anal. Chem., 2018, 90, (4), 2732 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04727
    [Google Scholar]
  54. V. C. A. Taylor, , D. Tiwari, , M. Duchi, , P. M. Donaldson, , I. P. Clark, , D. J. Fermin, , T. A. A. Oliver, , J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2018, 9, (4), 895 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b03296
    [Google Scholar]
  55. W. J. Kendrick, , M. Jirásek, , M. D. Peeks, , G. M. Greetham, , I. V. Sazanovich, , P. M. Donaldson, , M. Towrie, , A. W. Parker, , H. L. Anderson, , Chem. Sci., 2020, 11, (8), 2112 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sc05717j
    [Google Scholar]
  56. C. A. Johnson, , A. W. Parker, , P. M. Donaldson, , S. Garrett-Roe, , J. Chem. Phys., 2021, 154, (13), 134502 LINK https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0044822
    [Google Scholar]
  57. M. Delor, , P. A. Scattergood, , I. V. Sazanovich, , A. W. Parker, , G. M. Greetham, , A. J. H. M. Meijer, , M. Towrie, , J. A. Weinstein, , Science, 2014, 346, (6216), 1492 LINK https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1259995
    [Google Scholar]
  58. P. M. Donaldson, , R. F. Howe, , A. P. Hawkins, , M. Towrie, , G. M. Greetham, , J. Chem. Phys., 2023, 158, (11), 114201 LINK https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0139103
    [Google Scholar]
  59. J. P. Kraack, , P. Hamm, , Chem. Rev., 2017, 117, (16), 10623 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00437
    [Google Scholar]
  60. C. Yan, , J. Nishida, , R. Yuan, , M. D. Fayer, , J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2016, 138, (30), 9694 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.6b05589
    [Google Scholar]
  61. J. H. Hack, , J. P. Dombrowski, , X. Ma, , Y. Chen, , N. H. C. Lewis, , W. B. Carpenter, , C. Li, , G. A. Voth, , H. H. Kung, , A. Tokmakoff, , J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2021, 143, (27), 10203 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.1c03205
    [Google Scholar]
  62. P. M. Donaldson, , J. Chem. Phys., 2024, 160, 104204 LINK https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0193551
    [Google Scholar]
  63. S. V. Lepeshkevich, , I. V. Sazanovich, , M. V. Parkhats, , S. N. Gilevich, , B. M. Dzhagarov, , Chem. Sci., 2021, 12, (20), 7033 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/d1sc00712b
    [Google Scholar]
  64. J. H. van Wonderen, , C. R. Hall, , X. Jiang, , K. Adamczyk, , A. Carof, , I. Heisler, , S. E. H. Piper, , T. A. Clarke, , N. J. Watmough, , I. V. Sazanovich, , M. Towrie, , S. R. Meech, , J. Blumberger, , J. N. Butt, , J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2019, 141, (38), 15190 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.9b06858
    [Google Scholar]
  65. J. H. van Wonderen, , K. Adamczyk, , X. Wu, , X. Jiang, , S. E. H. Piper, , C. R. Hall, , M. J. Edwards, , T. A. Clarke, , H. Zhang, , L. J. C. Jeuken, , I. V. Sazanovich, , M. Towrie, , J. Blumberger, , S. R. Meech, , J. N. Butt, , Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 2021, 118, (39), e2107939118 LINK https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2107939118
    [Google Scholar]
  66. Y. Xiong, , A. Vargas Jentzsch, , J. W. M. Osterrieth, , E. Sezgin, , I. V. Sazanovich, , K. Reglinski, , S. Galiani, , A. W. Parker, , C. Eggeling, , H. L. Anderson, , Chem. Sci., 2018, 9, (11), 3029 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/c8sc00130h
    [Google Scholar]
  67. F. R. Baptista, , S. J. Devereux, , S. P. Gurung, , J. P. Hall, , I. V. Sazanovich, , M. Towrie, , C. J. Cardin, , J. A. Brazier, , J. M. Kelly, , S. J. Quinn, , Chem. Commun., 2020, 56, (67), 9703 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/d0cc03702h
    [Google Scholar]
  68. E. Benazzi, , G. H. Summers, , F. A. Black, , I. V. Sazanovich, , I. P. Clark, , E. A. Gibson, , Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. A. Math. Phys. Eng. Sci., 2019, 377, (2152), 20180338 LINK https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2018.0338
    [Google Scholar]
  69. A. P. Shreve, , N. J. Cherepy, , R. A. Mathies, , Appl. Spectrosc., 1992, 46, (4), 707 LINK https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702924125122
    [Google Scholar]
  70. T. Tahara, , O. H.-Hamaguchi, , Appl. Spectrosc., 1993, 47, (4), 391 LINK https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702934335001
    [Google Scholar]
  71. A. Deffontaine, , M. Delhaye, , M. Bridoux, , ‘Pulsed Multichannel Raman Technique’, Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference Emil-Warburg Symposium, Bayreuth-Bischofsgrün, Federal Republic of Germany, 3rd–7th June, 1985, “Time-Resolved Vibrational Spectroscopy”, eds. A. Laubereau, , M. Stockburger, , Springer Proceedings in Physics, Vol. 4, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 1985, pp. 2024 LINK https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-47541-2_5
    [Google Scholar]
  72. P. Matousek, , M. Towrie, , A. Stanley, , A. W. Parker, , Appl. Spectrosc., 1999, 53, (12), 1485 LINK https://doi.org/10.1366/0003702991945993
    [Google Scholar]
  73. I. Lezcano-Gonzalez, , E. Campbell, , A. E. J. Hoffman, , M. Bocus, , I. V. Sazanovich, , M. Towrie, , M. Agote-Aran, , E. K. Gibson, , A. Greenaway, , K. De Wispelaere, , V. Van Speybroeck, , A. M. Beale, , Nat. Mater., 2020, 19, (10), 1081 LINK https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-020-0800-y
    [Google Scholar]
  74. A. R. Neale, , D. C. Milan, , F. Braga, , I. V. Sazanovich, , L. J. Hardwick, , ACS Energy Lett., 2022, 7, (8), 2611 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.2c01120
    [Google Scholar]
  75. V. L. Piercy, , K. H. Saeed, , A. W. Prentice, , G. Neri, , C. Li, , A. M. Gardner, , Y. Bai, , R. S. Sprick, , I. V. Sazanovich, , A. I. Cooper, , M. J. Rosseinsky, , M. A. Zwijnenburg, , A. J. Cowan, , J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2021, 12, (44), 10899 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03073
    [Google Scholar]
  76. F. Provencher, , N. Bérubé, , A. W. Parker, , G. M. Greetham, , M. Towrie, , C. Hellmann, , M. Côté, , N. Stingelin, , C. Silva, , S. C. Hayes, , Nat. Commun., 2014, 5, 4288 LINK https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms5288
    [Google Scholar]
  77. A. M. Gardner, , K. H. Saeed, , A. J. Cowan, , Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2019, 21, (23), 12067 LINK https://doi.org/10.1039/c9cp02225b
    [Google Scholar]
  78. G. Neri, , P. M. Donaldson, , A. J. Cowan, , J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2017, 139, (39), 13791 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.7b06898
    [Google Scholar]
  79. G. Neri, , J. J. Walsh, , G. Teobaldi, , P. M. Donaldson, , A. J. Cowan, , Nat. Catal., 2018, 1, (12), 952 LINK https://doi.org/10.1038/s41929-018-0169-3
    [Google Scholar]
  80. P. M. Donaldson, , H. Strzalka, , P. Hamm, , Opt. Express, 2012, 20, (12), 12761 LINK https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.20.012761
    [Google Scholar]
  81. H. Vanselous, , P. B. Petersen, , J. Phys. Chem. C, 2016, 120, (15), 8175 LINK https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b01252
    [Google Scholar]
/content/journals/10.1595/205651324X17092043851525
Loading
/content/journals/10.1595/205651324X17092043851525
Loading

Data & Media loading...

  • Article Type: Review Article
This is a required field
Please enter a valid email address
Approval was a Success
Invalid data
An Error Occurred
Approval was partially successful, following selected items could not be processed due to error
Please enter a valid_number test