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1887
Volume 70, Issue 2
  • ISSN: 2056-5135
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Abstract

This study investigates the comparative performance and emission characteristics of four fuels: diesel, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), neat biodiesel (mustard-based) and gasoline, using a single-cylinder, four-stroke engine operated at a constant speed of 1500 rpm under eight load conditions (0.25 kW to 2.00 kW). Experiments were conducted both on the stock diesel engine and on the same engine modified for spark ignition (SI) operation. Key performance indicators such as thermal efficiency (TE), fuel consumption and emissions (hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides (NOx)) were measured under steady-state conditions. Outcome indicated that LPG produced the lowest hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions, highlighting its potential as a clean-burning fuel. Biodiesel exhibited moderate emissions but recorded the highest NOx levels, likely due to its higher oxygen content. Diesel demonstrated the best fuel economy (lowest specific fuel consumption (SFC)) but higher emissions compared to LPG and biodiesel. Gasoline achieved the highest TE but exhibited the highest hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions, making it the least environmentally favourable option. The findings support the viability of LPG and biodiesel as cleaner alternatives to conventional diesel and gasoline, with trade-offs in fuel economy and NOx requiring further optimisation.

© 2026 Johnson Matthey
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2026-04-01
2026-01-28
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Experimental Investigation of Single Cylinder Diesel Engine by Using Cetane- and Octane-Based Fuels
Johnson Matthey Technology Review 70, 140 (2026); https://doi.org/10.1595/205651326X17532820252977
/content/journals/10.1595/205651326X17532820252977
/content/journals/10.1595/205651326X17532820252977
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  • Article Type: Research Article
Keyword(s): cetane fuels; emission; exhaust gases; load; octane fuels; specific fuel consumption; thermal efficiency

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